Citas bibligráficas
Gamarra, G., (2018). Gestión de compromisos de subcontratistas para el levantamiento de restricciones en procesos incidentes de acabados en proyectos de edificaciones civiles [Tesis, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería]. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/15744
Gamarra, G., Gestión de compromisos de subcontratistas para el levantamiento de restricciones en procesos incidentes de acabados en proyectos de edificaciones civiles [Tesis]. : Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería; 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/15744
@misc{renati/709491,
title = "Gestión de compromisos de subcontratistas para el levantamiento de restricciones en procesos incidentes de acabados en proyectos de edificaciones civiles",
author = "Gamarra Díaz, Gilberto Giancarlo",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería",
year = "2018"
}
In our country, it can be said that subcontracting is an important component in the construction management of civil buildings projects, where the finishing phase is the one with the most subcontracting jobs. The subcontracting and its bad practices – in search of a better profitability – along with the low importance of the social aspect, generates complexity in projects achieving that the current management model is deficient. This is reflected in the low reliability of the planning and the little commitment on the part of those involved in the project, where “The commitment entails the obligation to carry out the planned, provided that there is certainty that the necessary resources are available in the place and with due advance“ (Campero M. & Alarcón L., 2014, p.435), i.e when you have everything ready to perform a task or do not have any constraint. Consequently, the need arises for a management model of subcontractors - with a compliance culture - which improves the reliability of planning based on concurrent communication, collaboration and the commitment of all involved in the project. The objective of this research is to demonstrate the benefits obtained by implementing a commitment management of subcontractors - making use of the Last Planner System (LPS) and a project execution model based on the flow of commitments - for the elimination of constraints. The investigation was carried out in the most significant finishing processes of a multifamily building project as a case study. The LPS, production planning and control system developed by Ballard G. (1994) & Howell G. (1998) that seeks to increase the reliability of the plans - protecting the production flow based on compliance with commitments - by working with four levels of planning processes: Master Scheduling, Phase Scheduling, Lookahead Planning and Weekly Work Planning. While the model of execution of projects based on the flow of commitments proposed by Flores F. (1982) - which arises from the Theory of Linguistic Action where the projects are conceived as a network of commitments - allows to clarify the conditions of the agreements assumed between a customer and a provider following a structure of four scenarios: preparation, clarification and negotiation, performance and assurance. Based on this, the management model developed aims to relate the scenarios of the commitment flow with the levels of planning processes of the LPS, in order to protect the continuity of the necessary flows to increase the reliability of the planning and thus be able to efficiently develop production through a continuous workflow. The relationships are reflected in strategic, tactical and operational planning. The preparation, clarification and negotiation are part of the strategic planning, where the conditions of satisfaction are defined and a first commitment between the customer and the provider is established. The performance - as part of the tactical and operative planning - where three vital stages are developed before the execution of any task: the validation of the design of the product, the assurance of the process and the commitment with the execution. And finally the assurance - as a part of the operational planning - where the tasks performed have a higher probability of compliance having gone through the previous scenarios. Subsequently, the use of indicators related to the LPS allowed quantifying the evolution and results of commitment management. The Percent Plan Complete (PPC), an indicator of reliability that shows the relationship of what was done about what was planned to be done. The Task Anticipated (TA) and the Task Made Ready (TMR), own indicators of the process of identifying and eliminating restrictions that show the relationship of what was anticipated to be done on what was planned and what was anticipated and done about what should have been done, respectively. The results obtained show that managing the commitments of subcontractors helps to have a greater number of tasks ready to be executed. It is concluded that low values of TA and TMR generally reflect problems from strategic planning to the validation of the product design, the assurance of the process and the commitment to execution, which invites efforts to not only eliminate restrictions, but create and manage flows in advance and achieve the most tasks ready - at the latest - during the week of execution. This will allow to increase the reliability of the planning and to have a greater probability of an efficient workflow, which will be reflected weekly in higher values of PPC according to the values of TA and TMR.
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