Bibliographic citations
Patiño, J., Taco, N. (2023). Factores de riesgo materno para recién nacido pequeño para la edad gestacional a término, Hospital Nacional Adolfo Guevara Velasco, 2020-2022. [Universidad Andina del Cusco]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12557/5917
Patiño, J., Taco, N. Factores de riesgo materno para recién nacido pequeño para la edad gestacional a término, Hospital Nacional Adolfo Guevara Velasco, 2020-2022. []. PE: Universidad Andina del Cusco; 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12557/5917
@misc{renati/960204,
title = "Factores de riesgo materno para recién nacido pequeño para la edad gestacional a término, Hospital Nacional Adolfo Guevara Velasco, 2020-2022.",
author = "Taco Huallpa, Nora",
publisher = "Universidad Andina del Cusco",
year = "2023"
}
INTRODUCTION: The neonatal period conditions a greater risk of morbidity and mortality than the rest of childhood and childhood combined. Therefore, it is important to identify newborn populations at high risk of adverse outcomes. For this objective, it is necessary to know the birth weight, as well as the gestational age with which we can define if a neonate is considered AGA (Adequate for gestational age) or SGA (<P10 birth weight), which shows a higher frequency of neonatal morbidity and mortality. In this work emphasis will be given to maternal factors, because these are mostly modifiable and will be used for the prevention of said pathology. OBJECTIVE: To determine the maternal risk factors for newborns small for gestational age at term, Hospital Nacional Adolfo Guevara Velasco, 2020-2022. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present investigation is an analytical case-control study, the population was comprised of 85 maternal medical records whose product was small for gestational age (case) and 170 maternal medical records whose product was adequate for gestational age. (control) of the Adolfo Guevara Velasco National Hospital, in the period of 2020-2022.} RESULTS: As a result, it was found that clinical maternal factors in the group of cases, the majority of patients did not present a hypertensive disorder (78.8%), as did the controls (90.6%). Regarding urinary infection in the case group, its presence was more frequent with 51.8%, compared to the controls where the absence of infection was observed with 65.9%. Low weight gain was also found as a risk factor for SGA (OR=6.76, 95% CI [3.37-13.5]; p=0.000). It is observed that in mothers with SGA newborns, the multiparous group was 1.17 times greater than the primiparous group (OR=1.17, 95%CI:0.67-2.04), however, it is not statistically significant. Regarding pregestational BMI, overweight and obesity were statistically significant risk factors (p=0.001). Regarding age, the group of mothers aged ≥35 years represents a risk factor that was statistically significant (p=0.003). The primary and secondary educational level (p=0.004) were statistically significant, thus being a risk factor, mothers who studied up to primary and secondary level represent 2.20 times greater risk than a mother with a higher level of higher education (OR=2.20 , 95%CI:1.26-3.82) for a PEG. In the same way, being divorced, separated and single was found as a risk factor for SGA (OR=1.96, 95%CI:0.37-1.74). Regarding origin, mothers from the rural area (province) were 1.48 times higher than those who came from the urban area (OR=1.48, 95%CI:0.73-2.98), this result was not statistically significant (p=0.277). CONCLUSIONS: Regarding maternal clinical factors, the following were identified: having a hypertensive disorder, urinary infection, gestational diabetes, anemia in pregnancy, low weight gain as risk factors for the birth of a SGA. In relation to obstetric maternal factors, it was shown that being overweight - obese, and being ≥35 years old are risk factors for having a SGA newborn. As for the maternal social factors, there are risk factors for having a primary and secondary educational level, being divorced, separated and single, and coming from a rural area, for the birth of a PEG.
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