Citas bibligráficas
Olivares, R., (2024). Factores asociados a la polifarmacia en el adulto mayor en un Centro de Atención Primaria del Cusco, 2021-2022 [Universidad Andina del Cusco]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12557/6565
Olivares, R., Factores asociados a la polifarmacia en el adulto mayor en un Centro de Atención Primaria del Cusco, 2021-2022 []. PE: Universidad Andina del Cusco; 2024. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12557/6565
@misc{renati/959464,
title = "Factores asociados a la polifarmacia en el adulto mayor en un Centro de Atención Primaria del Cusco, 2021-2022",
author = "Olivares Huamán, Renzo Marcelo",
publisher = "Universidad Andina del Cusco",
year = "2024"
}
INTRODUCTION: The older adult, a person aged 60 years or more, presents great changes not only at a social level but also at a physiological level, they are a population at risk in which geriatric syndromes occur and in recent years polypharmacy has begun to be considered within this group of pathologies. Polypharmacy can be defined as the simultaneous use of 3-5 or more drugs and remedies without a defined period of time, its consequences appear especially in older adults as adverse drug effects, drug interactions, greater abandonment of regular medication, even increased mortality and frailty have been seen in older adult patients with polypharmacy. Due to these consequences, the present study seeks to show which factors predispose to polypharmacy in order to be able to prevent this problem in the older adult population. OBJECTIVE: Determine the associated factors with polypharmacy in older adults in a primary care center in Cusco, 2021-2022. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It is an observational, analytical type of research that uses the case-control study method and is also retrospectively cross-sectional. The sample was made up of 100 cases (with polypharmacy) and 100 controls (without polypharmacy) from a primary care health center in Cusco. The OR was also obtained to observe the strength of association. RESULTS: it was observed that patients older than 75 years had a higher risk (OR=7.32, 95% CI: 1.61-33.36), patients aged 60-74 years had a lower risk of polypharmacy (OR=0.35, 95% CI: 0.19-0.64). The group of older adults who are married (OR=0.27, 95% CI: 0.12-0.60) have less risk of presenting polypharmacy compared to those who are widowed (OR=3.55, 95% CI: 1.57-8.05). On the other hand, clinical risk factors were the most important, highlighting the presence of comorbidity (OR=28.69, 95% CI: 13.0862.89) as the most important risk factor, as well as hospital admission in the last year (OR=14. 33, 95% CI: 5.37-38.29), obesity (OR=5.68, 95% CI: 2.06-15.63) and consulting 2-3 (OR=4.69, 95% CI: 2.56-8.60) or more than 3 specialist physicians (OR=22.01, 95% CI: 5.10-95.05) are risk factors for polypharmacy. With respect to chronic communicable diseases, it was observed that both chronic arterial hypertension (Frequency: 47.5%, OR=13.50, 95% CI: 6.85-26.60) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (Frequency: 23%, OR=3.30, 95% CI: 1.61-6.75) are the most frequent pathologies in the older adult population and are also associated with a higher risk for polypharmacy. CONCLUSIONS: The risk factors for polypharmacy in the elderly were age over 75 years, being widowed, presenting comorbidity, hospital admission in the last year, obesity, and consulting more than 2 medical specialists. The most frequent chronic noncommunicable diseases were chronic arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the elderly.
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