Bibliographic citations
García, J., Sahuaraura, G. (2024). Consumo de alimentos ricos en hierro según nivel socioeconómico familiar en niños de 4 a 12 meses en centros de atención de primer nivel MINSA y ESSALUD Cusco -2023. [Universidad Andina del Cusco]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12557/6831
García, J., Sahuaraura, G. Consumo de alimentos ricos en hierro según nivel socioeconómico familiar en niños de 4 a 12 meses en centros de atención de primer nivel MINSA y ESSALUD Cusco -2023. []. PE: Universidad Andina del Cusco; 2024. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12557/6831
@misc{renati/954485,
title = "Consumo de alimentos ricos en hierro según nivel socioeconómico familiar en niños de 4 a 12 meses en centros de atención de primer nivel MINSA y ESSALUD Cusco -2023.",
author = "Sahuaraura Callahui, Gabriel Patricia",
publisher = "Universidad Andina del Cusco",
year = "2024"
}
INTRODUCTION: Iron deficiency, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), is one of the most common diseases and affects more people than many other conditions, making it a global public health problem. It is recommended that children be exclusively breastfed during the first six months of life. From that age, breast milk no longer provides sufficient iron and other nutrients, making it necessary to start complementary feeding. Both the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Ministry of Health of Peru (MINSA) suggest beginning this complementary feeding at six months, as at this stage the child's digestive system is prepared to process a variety of foods and handle chewing adequately. The group most susceptible to iron deficiency is children under two years of age, who have high iron requirements for rapid growth and brain development. Possible causes of iron deficiency in early childhood include increased iron requirements due to rapid growth, inadequate iron intake due to exclusive breastfeeding without iron supplements, low availability of iron sources in the diet due to low socioeconomic status, and dietary restrictions. Factors influencing the consumption of iron-rich foods by children include the mother's lack of knowledge about iron-rich foods, the child's age, education, religion, household economic status, and dietary culture. Ironrich foods are an important determinant of anemia, and derived strategies for adequate iron intake can be achieved and improved. OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between family socioeconomic level and the consumption of iron-rich foods in children aged 4 to 12 months in MINSA and ESSALUD primary care centers in Cusco-2023. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study conducted in MINSA and ESSALUD primary care centers in 2023 aims to identify the relationship between the consumption of iron-rich foods and family socioeconomic level. A prospective analytical crosssectional quantitative design is used to evaluate the variables of interest and determine the relationship between food consumption and family socioeconomic level. The studied population comprises children aged 4-12 months attending primary care centers, with specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sample was calculated based on a previous study and selected through probabilistic-random sampling. Data collection was carried out by filling out a questionnaire in Google Forms, using a data collection sheet validated by experts. Data analysis included multivariate analysis to establish associations between variables, using measures such as Odds Ratio and P-values to assess statistical significance. The SPSS 27.0 software was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Applying Spearman's correlation, the following correlations were found: family income source and consumption of beef spleen with p = 0.028 and R = 0.243 indicating higher consumption of beef spleen with higher family income source; family income source and consumption of llama jerky with p = 0.024 and R = 0.249 indicating higher consumption of llama jerky with higher family income source; housing conditions and consumption of beef heart with p = 0.007 and R = 0.297 indicating higher consumption of beef heart with better housing conditions; and consumption of lamb meat with p = 0.003 and R = 0.329 indicating higher consumption of lamb meat with better housing conditions. After conducting Spearman's correlation, the most relevant variables were selected. Thus, dichotomization of meat consumption and the primary family income source were chosen with RR = 0.007, where family income is a protective factor; consumption of beef liver and housing conditions with RR = 0.007, where housing conditions are a protective level; consumption of fish and primary income source with RR = 0.027, where the family income source is a protective factor. CONCLUSIONS: There is a relationship between family socioeconomic status (housing conditions and the primary source of family income) and the consumption of iron-rich foods (beef, beef liver, and fish). The frequency of consumption of iron-rich foods varies according to socioeconomic conditions. The null hypothesis is rejected because there is an association between certain aspects of socioeconomic status and the consumption of iron-rich foods.
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