Citas bibligráficas
Figueroa, S., (2022). Aplicación de ultrasonido como pretratamiento en la extracción por microondas de aceite esencial de cáscara de naranja (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) [Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/5541
Figueroa, S., Aplicación de ultrasonido como pretratamiento en la extracción por microondas de aceite esencial de cáscara de naranja (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) []. PE: Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina; 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/5541
@misc{renati/931894,
title = "Aplicación de ultrasonido como pretratamiento en la extracción por microondas de aceite esencial de cáscara de naranja (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck)",
author = "Figueroa Fernández, Solange Hortencia",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina",
year = "2022"
}
Essential oils have functional properties of great importance in the food industry, in their composition they contain volatile compounds (terpenes) and oxygenated derivatives (aldehydes, alcohols and esters). In the present investigation, we worked with by-products such as Valencia sweet orange peel (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck), and it was determined that microwave extraction with an ultrasound pre-treatment, as an unconventional methodology, has a positive effect on the performance and quality of the essential oil, it should be noted that no solvents were used for the extraction. Likewise, the best independent variables of time and temperature of the ultrasonic equipment that achieved the highest performance were obtained, for a level of significance of p <0.05, applying the response surface methodology (RSM) through the Desing-Expert® program. DX7Trial / MyDesing.dX7 and using a composite central layout (DCC). For the result, the ultrasound pre-treatment was first performed with the Ultrasonic Cleaners equipment at 220V and 35kHz in a temperature range (20 ° C-55 ° C) and a time range (1-35 minutes), obtained by technical specifications of the ultrasonic equipment and by preliminary tests. Subsequently, the essential oil was extracted with the Mycroware Gravity Station equipment (230V, 60Hz), at the power of 540W with a time of 25 minutes. Through the response surface methodology, 11 combinations of temperature and ultrasound time were obtained (three repetitions of the central point) which were developed experimentally, where all the data obtained were adjusted to a cubic equation with R2 of 0.9915 and R2 -adjusted of 0.9891, managing to determine that at a temperature of 25 ° C and a time of 19 minutes of ultrasound, the highest yield of 11.1793 ± 0.052 percent of essential oil (dry base) was obtained. The yield obtained was evaluated and compared with the yield obtained by hydrodistillation extraction where 6.72 ± 0.252 percent was obtained and applying only microwave extraction where 6.98 ± 0.081 percent was obtained. The physicochemical analysis was carried out and the chemical composition of the essential oil was determined by gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS), identifying 15 compounds, obtaining 94.87 percent of limonene and 1.03 percent of β-Linalool in the essential oil obtained by microwaves with ultrasound pre treatment.
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