Citas bibligráficas
Gonzales, R., (2023). Evaluación de las condiciones paleoceanográficas desde el Mioceno tardío hasta el Pleistoceno temprano en la Cuenca Pisco, Perú [Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/14798
Gonzales, R., Evaluación de las condiciones paleoceanográficas desde el Mioceno tardío hasta el Pleistoceno temprano en la Cuenca Pisco, Perú []. PE: Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia; 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/14798
@mastersthesis{renati/910992,
title = "Evaluación de las condiciones paleoceanográficas desde el Mioceno tardío hasta el Pleistoceno temprano en la Cuenca Pisco, Perú",
author = "Gonzales Lizana, Renzo Kleber",
publisher = "Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia",
year = "2023"
}
The Humboldt Current System (HCS) presents particular oceanographic conditions that make it the most productive ecosystem in the world. The origins of these conditions, however, are still unknown. Marine sediments indicate much warmer conditions in the eastern tropical Pacific during the Miocene and Pliocene, which lead to the Hypothesis of permanent El-Niño-like conditions. The modern East-West temperature gradient of the Pacific may have progressively grown with glacial conditions during the Early Pleistocene. How environmental conditions have evolved on the coast of Peru remain unclear. In the Miocene, the Andes were not as high as today, and a shallow epicontinental sea, protected from the open ocean by a mountain ridge, was present along the southern coast. This sedimentary basin, known today as the Pisco formation, has yielded one of the most extraordinary fossil record of marine vertebrate evolution. In this study, we collected fossil shells and shark teeth from the East Pisco Basin (EPB) from different sedimentary deposits from Late Miocene to Pleistocene, the ages of these deposits were determined by radiogenic dating and strontium isotopic stratigraphy. We compared the strontium isotopic signature between fossil shark teeth, which are indicators of open ocean oceanographic conditions, and mollusks as indicators of coastal conditions. Results shows for different ages an important connectivity between EPB and the oceanic waters, despite the barrier that the Coastal Cordillera could represent. However, for the Sacaco Chacra locality (Late Miocene) a considerable restriction did not allow complete mixing between the EPB and oceanic waters. Results shows for this locality a continental waters contribution would reach up to (~45%), affecting considerably the salinity of EPB. We analyzed the sclerochronology and the monthly variation δ18O and δ13C at high resolution in 19 shells for three ages. Mean δ18O indicate a cooling of the oceanic waters from Late Miocene to Pleistocene. High-resolution evaluation of δ18O and δ13C for Late Miocene (Sacaco Chacra locality) in 15 Anadara chilensis fossil shells would indicate El Niño events, with 2.9 years of frequency. Additionally, these El Niño events would cause flooding events in the EPB, showing that Peruvian south coast was not hyperarid for this time as it is currently known. My results represent the oldest direct record of El Niño activity.
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