Citas bibligráficas
Gomez, C., (2023). Características clínicas y microbiológicas de pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados por neumonía neumocócica antes y después de la introducción de las vacunas conjugadas neumocócicas en Lima [Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/14560
Gomez, C., Características clínicas y microbiológicas de pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados por neumonía neumocócica antes y después de la introducción de las vacunas conjugadas neumocócicas en Lima []. PE: Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia; 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/14560
@misc{renati/910955,
title = "Características clínicas y microbiológicas de pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados por neumonía neumocócica antes y después de la introducción de las vacunas conjugadas neumocócicas en Lima",
author = "Gomez Vasquez, Carolina Allison",
publisher = "Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia",
year = "2023"
}
Background: Pneumococcal pneumonia remains a public health problem. In Peru, the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced in 2009, the 10-valent (PCV10) in 2011, and the 13-valent (PCV13) in 2015. Objective: Determine the clinical and microbiological characteristics of pediatric patients hospitalized due pneumococcal pneumonia during the pre and post-introduction of PCVs in Lima, Peru. Material and Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted using data from three passive surveillance studies of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease (IPD) conducted in public hospitals and private clinics in Lima during the periods 2006-2008[pre-PCV(IPD-1)], 2009-2011[post-PCV7(IPD-2)] and 2016- 2019[post-PCV13(IPD-3)]. The periods before and after the introduction of the three PCVs in Peru were compared. Pediatric patients with clinical diagnosis of pneumonia and positive culture for Streptococcus pneumonieae in blood or pleural fluid were included. Results: A total of 128 cases of pneumococcal pneumonia were identified: IPD-1(48 cases), IPD-2(30 cases) and IPD-3(50 cases). In IPD-1 and IPD-2, there were more cases in infants (77.1% and 43.3%), while in IPD-3, mores cases were seen in preschool-aged children (62%). 71.9% were isolated from blood cultures and 28.1% from pleural fluid. There was an increase in complicated pneumonia from 14.6% to 72%. 56% of complicated pneumonia were empyema. There was an increase in the frequency of serotype 19A from 6.3% to 68%. Resistance to penicillin and ceftriaxone remained low (6% and 2%), while resistance to azithromycin increased from 27% to 92% among others. Conclusions: Following the introduction of PCVs, an increase in the frequency of complicated pneumococcal pneumonia and 19A serotype was observed. Penicillin maintains low levels of resistance and continues to be the antibiotic of choice for pneumococcal pneumonia in Lima.
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