Citas bibligráficas
Villanueva, F., (2023). Formación de biopelículas y mortalidad en candidemias de pacientes oncológicos en un centro de referencia en Perú [Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/13584
Villanueva, F., Formación de biopelículas y mortalidad en candidemias de pacientes oncológicos en un centro de referencia en Perú []. PE: Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia; 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/13584
@mastersthesis{renati/910754,
title = "Formación de biopelículas y mortalidad en candidemias de pacientes oncológicos en un centro de referencia en Perú",
author = "Villanueva Cotrina, Freddy Genrri",
publisher = "Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia",
year = "2023"
}
Introduction. Candidemia, the most common invasive mycosis worldwide, has doubled its incidence in recent decades and has a high mortality rate, especially in cancer patients who frequently present states of immunosuppression. In addition, the intrinsic characteristics of each infecting Candida yeast may influence the development and clinical course of the disease. Some strains of Candida have the ability to produce biofilms, which is a mechanism that limits the action of antifungal agents and the host's immune response. There are known risk factors associated with mortality from these invasive mycoses; however, there is limited and contradictory evidence on the role of biofilm formation and the risk of death. Research question. Do patients with candidemia caused by biofilm-forming strains have higher mortality than patients with candidemia caused by non-biofilm-forming strains? Materials and methods. A retrospective cohort study was performed. 140 cases of candidemia diagnosed at the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas (INEN) between June 2015 and October 2017 were studied. Data were collected from medical records and records of the INEN Microbiology Laboratory. In addition, the biofilm production test was carried out on the strains collected during the study period. The cases were followed up from the diagnosis of candidemia for 30 days until death or medical discharge. The Hazard Ratio (HR) of death was estimated as a measure of association between biofilm formation and mortality using bivariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Potential confounding variables were considered in the analysis and the level of significance was p < 0.05. Results. On the first day of post-diagnosis follow-up, a very high mortality was observed (17/21=81.0%) among the patients who were not treated with either antifungal or antibacterial. The high level of biofilm formation was associated with a higher instantaneous risk of death (HR 3.92; p=0.022) and did not change when adjusting for other covariates (HR 6.59; p=0.003). In addition, the instantaneous risk of death was found to be associated with greater age (16-59 years with HR 4.27; p=0.003 and 60+ years with HR 5.88; p=0.001 compared to 0-15 years), presence of some comorbidity (HR 2.72; p=0.001) and origin of the hospital emergency (HR 7.58; p<0.001). Conclusions. The consistency of the observed association between candidemia with in vitro biofilm formation and increased risk of death is one more level of evidence for a possible causal association. The survival analysis made it possible to ensure an adequate evaluation of the real risk of death that the patients had since their entry into the cohort. Adulthood, being over 15 years old, the presence of comorbidities and the origin of the hospital emergency represented the fragile clinical condition of the patients, associated with a higher risk of death.
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