Citas bibligráficas
Dueñas, E., (2022). Detección molecular de Leishmania spp. subgénero Viannia basada en el sistema CRISPR-Cas12a utilizando como biomarcador el ADN de minicírculos del kinetoplasto (ADNk) [Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/13026
Dueñas, E., Detección molecular de Leishmania spp. subgénero Viannia basada en el sistema CRISPR-Cas12a utilizando como biomarcador el ADN de minicírculos del kinetoplasto (ADNk) []. PE: Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia; 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/13026
@mastersthesis{renati/910559,
title = "Detección molecular de Leishmania spp. subgénero Viannia basada en el sistema CRISPR-Cas12a utilizando como biomarcador el ADN de minicírculos del kinetoplasto (ADNk)",
author = "Dueñas Villavicencio, Eva Andrea",
publisher = "Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia",
year = "2022"
}
American tegumentary leishmaniasis is an endemic infectious disease present in 19 departments of Peru. Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis is the main etiological agent of this disease in the Americas. The most common clinical presentation is cutaneous leishmaniasis, which causes ulcerated skin lesions. Confirmation of the presumptive clinical diagnosis is based on the performance of more than one laboratory test, which may be of parasitological, immunological, or molecular type. There are differences in the degree of sensitivity and specificity of these tests, in addition to the fact that they require long processing times and are expensive. Recently, highly specific and sensitive molecular detection tests for pathogens have been developed using the CRISPR/Cas tool, where the CRISPRCas12a system stands out. In the present study, a new method of molecular detection of Leishmania (Viannia) spp. based on the CRISPR-Cas12a system in combination with conventional PCR preamplification was developed and evaluated. The method targets the multi-copy kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) minicircles. In the analytical sensitivity evaluation of the PCR/CRISPR-kDNA assay, the lower limit of detection was 0.05 parasite genome equivalents (4.25 fg of DNA) (n=3), which is a value with clinical relevance. In addition, the analytical specificity evaluation showed that the representative reference strains belonging to the L.(Viannia) subgenus generated a distinctive signal with an average fluorescence ratio (that is, fluorescent signal of the test sample normalized by the fluorescent signal of the notemplate control) of 2.287 ± 0.29 compared to the value of 0.967 ± 0.08 of the group of strains belonging to the L.(Leishmania) subgenus at 20-min time point of the CRISPR-Cas12a assay (n=4). The developed PCR/CRISPR-kDNA assay was evaluated in a panel of 49 clinical samples. Using as a cut-off point the criterion of 'mean fluorescence ratio of negative samples plus 3 standard deviations' (cutoff = 1.151), 79.6% (39/49) of the samples were positive and 20.4% (10/49) were negative for Leishmania DNA detection. A second classification method was considered based on the percentage of positivity (PP) of each sample (relative to a positive control) from the raw fluorescence data of the Cas12a assay and a statistical analysis to select the optimal probability cut-off point for the classification that maximizes the Youden index; this analysis resulted in the same classification of positive (n=39; PP > 29.995%) and negative (n=10; PP 29.995%) results as the mean + 3SD cutoff point. Both analyses classified the clinical samples with perfect agreement compared to a realtime PCR (qPCR-kDNA) assay used as the reference test: 100.0% positive agreement (95% CI: 91.0-100.0) and 100.0% negative agreement (95% CI: 72.2- 100.0). The potential of the PCR/CRISPR-kDNA assay as a new molecular method for detection of species of Leishmania (Viannia) of medical importance in the Latin American region was demonstrated.
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