Bibliographic citations
Mercado, T., (2021). Una mirada al ecosistema altiplánico andino del Plioceno a través de la ecomorfometría de alimentación de grandes mamíferos fósiles [Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/9330
Mercado, T., Una mirada al ecosistema altiplánico andino del Plioceno a través de la ecomorfometría de alimentación de grandes mamíferos fósiles []. PE: Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia; 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/9330
@misc{renati/909856,
title = "Una mirada al ecosistema altiplánico andino del Plioceno a través de la ecomorfometría de alimentación de grandes mamíferos fósiles",
author = "Mercado Yufra, Thomas Cobi",
publisher = "Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia",
year = "2021"
}
The anatomical analysis of fossil herbivorous mammals is crucial in paleoenvironmental reconstructions, as the characteristics of their communities are directly related to plant resources and the dominant environment (1,2,3,4,5,6,7). A case study is to explore past environmental conditions in relation to new paleontological evidence discovered in sediments of the El Descanso Formation of Espinar, Cusco (8,9). The fossils reveal that up to five species of large herbivorous mammals weighing more than 100 kg, including giant sloths, glyptodonts, and toxodonts, inhabited (~4.8-3.9 million years ago [Ma]) the Central Andean Altiplano (ACA, by its initials in spanish) ecosystem during the Pliocene. The microfossils and leaves discovered suggest that the vegetation was more diverse and the environment more humid, characteristics attributable to the higher temperatures corresponding to the warm Pliocene period (4.6 - 3.1 Ma) (10,11,12,13). At present, the ACA, located at 4000 meters altitude, is dry with herbaceous and shrub vegetation dominating (14,15,16) and is inhabited by herbivorous mammals that do not exceed 100 kg in weight. It has been established that since the beginning of the Pliocene (~ 4.8 Ma) this area had reached elevations similar to the present and a puna-like ecosystem (11,13). Some climate models and paleo-precipitation estimates suggest dry conditions during that time as today (17). Consequently, the herbivore and plant community structure at that time would be expected to be similar to the present and not as abundant and diverse as the fossil record suggests. To address these contradictions, we propose to carry out studies of functional morphology and ecomorphometry (18) on the feeding-related cranio-dental anatomy (mandible, maxilla, zygomatic arch, dentition) of the mammal community (3,5,4,19) of the Pliocene of the ACA and compare it with other ecologically analogous fossil and present-day communities in South America and other continents (1,20,21,22). Together with paleobotanical, geological, and isotopic data (10,11,12,13), this new proxy could shed new light on the characterization of this Pliocene puna ecosystem.
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