Citas bibligráficas
Reyes, A., (2023). Aplicación de la minería de rellenos en el cálculo de la distribución de las rutas de valorización de un relleno sanitario [Tesis, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería]. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/27270
Reyes, A., Aplicación de la minería de rellenos en el cálculo de la distribución de las rutas de valorización de un relleno sanitario [Tesis]. PE: Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería; 2023. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/27270
@misc{renati/712994,
title = "Aplicación de la minería de rellenos en el cálculo de la distribución de las rutas de valorización de un relleno sanitario",
author = "Reyes Izquierdo, Alvaro",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería",
year = "2023"
}
This research focused on applying the various methodological aspects of Landfill Mining (LFM), with the aim of valorizing the waste stored in a Peruvian landfill, emphasizing the analysis in the characterization and evaluation of alternative uses of the combustible fraction and the fine fraction (< 6.3 mm) obtained from the waste buried in this infrastructure. For this purpose, a municipal solid waste disposal cell in a Peruvian sanitary landfill was taken as the study area. This cell has a surface area of 0.74 hectares, a perimeter and a maximum fill height of approximately 345 metres and 5 metres, respectively, and is 9 to 10 years old. For sampling, seven waste samples 1 m3 each were collected from excavations at a depth of 3-4 metres. The samples were air-dried by tumbling for a period of 10 to 11 days, and the residue fractions were sorted by sieving at 6.3 mm, manual sorting and magnetic separation, and finally weighed. Subsequently, the fine fraction (< 6.3 mm) and the combustible fraction (plastics, wood, paper and cardboard, rubber, textiles, nappies and organic matter) were analyzed in the laboratory in order to evaluate their potential use. The results showed that the combustible fraction represented 31.09 ± 3.61% by mass of the buried waste, which is a favorable quantity for the possible implementation of an LFM project. This fraction presented a Net Calorific Value (NCV) in the range of 13.71 to 15.69 MJ/kg, a chlorine (Cl) content in the range of 0.3601 to 0.4141 %, and a mercury (Hg) content in relation to the NCV of 0.021 to 0.027 mg/MJ, which allowed it to be classified as Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF) according to the European standard EN 15359, assigning it a class code of LCP 4; Cl 2; Hg 2. Regarding its potential use, a comparison was made with international standards for the use of alternative solid fuels such as RAL-GZ 724 (Germany), Ministerial Decree 22 (Italy), the Waste Incineration Ordinance (Austria), and the EURITS Criteria for the Co-incineration of Waste in Cement Kilns, finally determining its suitability for use for co-incineration purposes in cement production plants. On the other hand, the fine fraction represented 26.67 ± 1.43 % of the total buried waste. Regarding the potential use of this fraction, the comparative analysis of its physicochemical properties with international minimum requirements for compost production such as NCh 2880. Of 2004, NTEA-006-SMA-RS-2006, NTC 5167, and NMX-AA-180-SCFI-2018, ruled out its suitability as organic fertilizer due to excesses in parameters such as arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead; as well as insufficient contents of primary macronutrients, organic carbon and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC). Furthermore, the high content of organic matter present in this fraction (7.53 % - 11.66 %) also ruled out its use as a construction material for subgrade or fill. Since the fine fraction still complies with the Peruvian national standards for Commercial/Industrial/Extractive land use, it is proposed to maintain its use as a cover material on the same site for the final disposal of new solid waste, thus avoiding the costs of exploiting new clay quarries. The high amount of combustible fraction demonstrated that landfill mining (LFM) and the subsequent production of SRF for use in the cement industry represents an option for the post-closure of Peruvian landfills, as well as a method to extend their useful life, and an option for the valorisation of non-biodegradable waste. This quantity presupposes a recovery of volume and air space available for new uses, which could be 'reclaimed' and enabled, after levelling and shaping the land with the fine fraction, opening the way to new productive and service activities such as the establishment and sale of industrial lots.
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