Citas bibligráficas
Yana, L., (2023). Fabricación y caracterización de sensores de fibra óptica tipo LPG: aplicación al estudio de materiales y medición de flujo [Tesis, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería]. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/26871
Yana, L., Fabricación y caracterización de sensores de fibra óptica tipo LPG: aplicación al estudio de materiales y medición de flujo [Tesis]. PE: Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería; 2023. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/26871
@misc{renati/712748,
title = "Fabricación y caracterización de sensores de fibra óptica tipo LPG: aplicación al estudio de materiales y medición de flujo",
author = "Yana Mamani, Leidy Coral",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería",
year = "2023"
}
Since the first gratings written on conventional glass fibers, such as short-period or Bragg gratings, FBG (Hill, 1978), and long-period fiber gratings, LPG (Vengsarkar, 1996), grating fabrication techniques and their applications have achieved a great and rapid development. In recent years, the development of fiber optic (FO) technology and its application in the monitoring of various physical, chemical and biological parameters have made it a vitally important tool. Among which the most studied are the short period FO sensors (FBG) and few have been based on long period networks (LPG). Currently, in Peru there is a need to implement new methodologies for obtaining material parameters at low cost, being the FO sensor technology a good option due to its main advantages: small size and low cost, using abundant materials in nature (silicon) and the property of being basically immune to electromagnetic radiation. However, the study related to FO technology is limited, which makes it a priority to disseminate its reliability and define a strategy to analyze the data, so that the transmission of information provided by LPG sensors occurs at the right time and time, in addition to providing the necessary conditions to achieve an adequate reading. In order to show its feasibility, this thesis seeks to validate the reliability of LPG sensor technology and its application in the monitoring of displacements, vibrations for the calculation of MOE and curvatures for the measurement of flow rates, through the comparison between physical parameters known in the literature or a commercial method and those obtained with the proposed methodology. For the measurement of displacements, a displacement sensor based on tuned optical fiber with an S-shaped structure (táper) is used. Where the fiber is placed on two stepper motors that tension it, so that it can show its signal at different displacements. The same methodology was performed with LPG sensors, showing their sensitivity to displacement. For the analysis of vibration monitoring, wood has been chosen, which has widely known physical properties such as the modulus of elasticity (MOE), due to its importance in the design and calculation of structural components of flexural elements in structural systems of buildings. Therefore, the flexural MOE of 5 types of wood were determined: Cachimbo, Mahogany, Cedar, Pine and Tornillo. To develop this technology, an equipment for the fabrication of FO sensors based on LPG networks was implemented in the Physics Laboratory of the Faculty of Civil Engineering of UNI, where the tests were carried out. For this purpose, the dynamic response of the wooden bars placed in oscillation was characterized, where one end was fixed and the other free, to allow the perturbation. To take the measurements, the LPG sensor was placed on the wooden bar and a photodetector coupled to an oscilloscope, which stores the deflection of the wooden bar counted as a vertical displacement of the free bar end. The responses were monitored using the curvature caused by the movement of the LPG sensor. The vibration frequencies of the motion were obtained from the Fourier transform (FFT) of the time history record of flexural oscillations. Subsequently, the value of the flexural MOEs were determined from the fit of the first mode experimental data frequency versus cantilever length. Finally, the values of the flexural moduli of elasticity (MOE) determined experimentally for the 5 types of wood analyzed in the present study, present an average deviation of 1.6 - 1.9 % with respect to the average values reported in the literature, which were obtained using other techniques. For the measurement of flow velocities in pipes, the method used is also the resonant bar method; however, in this case the LPG sensor is cantilevered perpendicular to the flow direction. To perform the measurements, a vertical tank is used, with an outlet to the pipe from which the measurements are taken in at least three cycles, the results are compared with the data from a commercial flow meter such as the Arduino flow sensor and a similar trend is obtained as a result in both cases, also the SDI in an acceptable range. Therefore, this thesis intends to show the use of LPG sensors in the dynamic characterization of the elastic properties of a material and the flow characterization of a fluid, through the development of its application and implementation in each case.
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