Citas bibligráficas
Flores, R., (2021). Desarrollo y evaluación experimental de un modelo cinético semi-empírico para la degradación de fármacos en agua de lastre mediante oxidación electroquímica [Tesis, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería]. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/22797
Flores, R., Desarrollo y evaluación experimental de un modelo cinético semi-empírico para la degradación de fármacos en agua de lastre mediante oxidación electroquímica [Tesis]. PE: Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería; 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/22797
@mastersthesis{renati/712174,
title = "Desarrollo y evaluación experimental de un modelo cinético semi-empírico para la degradación de fármacos en agua de lastre mediante oxidación electroquímica",
author = "Flores Terreros, Ruth Rosario",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería",
year = "2021"
}
This research work developed and evaluated a mathematical kinetic model for the degradation of drugs by electrochemical oxidation, which would contribute as a complementary treatment method for its application in ballast water (or seawater). The analgesic (acetaminophen), anti-inflammatory (diclofenac) and antibiotics (sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin) were the model drugs studied. A laboratory-scale continuous-mode filter-press electrochemical reactor was used, consisting of a Titanium cathode and a dimensionally stable anode (DSA) of Ti/RuO2-ZrO2 doped with Sb2O5. Firstly, the operational parameters of the electrochemical process were optimized, being current intensity of 100 mA and flow rate of 11 mL min-1. It was demonstrated that the predominant oxidative species in the electrochemical process using the ADE electrode were active chlorine species, particularly hypochlorous acid (HOCl), using NaCl as the supporting electrolyte. Once the operational parameters of the electrochemical process, current intensity (I= 100 mA) and flow rate (Q= 11 mL min-1) were optimized, it proceeded to develop the semi-empirical kinetic model based on mass balance, in which Acetaminophen (ACE; 40 ppm) was selected as the model drug due to its occurrence and persistence in waters from worldwide and Peru (> 500 ppb). The model was calibrated and validated with experimental data based on the concentration of chlorine, hypochlorous acid, acetaminophen and hydroxyl anion (pH), finding that the theoretical model fits quite well with the experimental data at different concentrations of ACE. Finally, once the model was determined, the feasibility of the electrochemical process was evaluated in different water matrices (distilled water, synthetic seawater and real seawater) on the degradation of the drugs in order to determinate the efficiency and kinetics of degradation, the formation of oxidative species and the antimicrobial activity during the treatment, the latter verified the non-toxicity of the treated water (that does not generate bacterial resistance), finding that the degradation kinetics was of pseudo-first order, the simultaneous elimination of the drugs was complete and fast (100%) and the oxidation products did not present antimicrobial activity in times less than 5 min of treatment. Based on these results, a proposal was made on the design of the reactor and the economic evaluation of the electrochemical process, with a view to scaling up based on the semi-empirical kinetic model that was developed.
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