Citas bibligráficas
Sáenz, E., (2021). Análisis de las propiedades del concreto de mediana a baja resistencia elaborado con agua residual tratada [Tesis, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería]. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/22081
Sáenz, E., Análisis de las propiedades del concreto de mediana a baja resistencia elaborado con agua residual tratada [Tesis]. PE: Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería; 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/22081
@misc{renati/711606,
title = "Análisis de las propiedades del concreto de mediana a baja resistencia elaborado con agua residual tratada",
author = "Sáenz Correa, Elvis Emerson",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería",
year = "2021"
}
Water has become a scarce resource and the scarcity of water resources puts pressure on all the activities carried out by human beings. Alternative sources are currently being sought for its use that guarantee sustainability. This thesis studies the use of treated wastewater (ART from its Spanish initials) for making concrete. For the analysis of its properties, a design was developed for a standard concrete mix with drinking water and two types of mixes with wastewater. For one of the mixtures, wastewater treated with primary treatment called ART-1 was used. For the other mixture, wastewater treated with secondary treatment called ART-2 was used. The treated waters come from the Planta de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales (PTAR) of the Centro the Investigaciones de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuals y Residuos Peligrosos (CITRAR). In each type of mix, water/cement ratios of 0.70, 0.65 and 0.60 were used. The theoretical background of the materials used in the mix design and the properties of concrete were studied. More extensively, the treatment of treated wastewater was studied: definition, technologies, uses in the world, its application in the design and elaboration of concrete mixes and its application in the global aggregate method for the design of concrete mixes. Laboratory tests were carried out to know the properties of the materials used. The design of mixtures prioritized the best combination of aggregates, the amount of water necessary to obtain a concrete of adequate consistency (3”–4”) and achieve concrete of medium to low strength (water/cement ratios of 0.70, 0.65 and 0.60). Fresh concrete was tested for settlement, fluidity, exudation, unit weight, air content and setting time. Likewise, hardened concrete was tested for compression strength at 7, 14, 28 and 42 days, diametral compression tests at 28 days, static elastic modulus (M.E.E. from its Spanish initials) test, absorption, void percentage and density. Results indicate that the concretes made with ART show higher settlement with respect to the standard concrete. A decreasing trend of settlement is observed as the water/cement ratio decreases. There is not much variation in unit weight. Concrete with ART-1 has higher fluidity and concrete with ART-2 it is slightly less. Concrete with ART-2 shows greater exudation and concrete with ART-1 is slightly higher. Concrete with ART-1 has higher air content (up to double) and in concrete with ART-2 it is slightly lower. Concrete with ART-1 shows greater increases in initial setting time (-12, +22 and +40 minutes) and concrete with ART-2 shows smaller increases in initial setting time (-1, +16 and +17 minutes) when the water/cement ratio is decreased. Concrete with ART-1 shows greater increases in final setting time (-10, +35 and +45 minutes) and concrete with ART-2 shows smaller increases in final setting time (-5, -8 and +14 minutes) when the water/cement ratio is decreased. In both cases there are slightly speeding and delaying effects. Tests results in the hardened state of the concretes with ART show a decrease in the compressive strength in 20%, 13% and 10% (ART-1) and in 5%, 14% and 6% (ART-2) for the water/cement ratios of 0.70, 0.65 and 0.60, respectively. The tensile strength decreases by 23%, 12% and 8% (ART-1) and by 17%, 6% and 3% (ART-2) as the water/cement ratio decreases. The M.E.E. reached 0%, -10% and -6% (ART-1) and + 5%, -9% and -5% (ART-2) for the water/cement ratios of 0.70, 0.65 and 0.60, respectively. The absorption is greater between 2% and 15% and presents a decreasing trend as the water/cement ratio decreases. The density is slightly lower and does not show much variation with the different water/cement ratios. The void percentage is higher, between 1% and 11%, and presents a decreasing trend as the water/cement ratio decreases.
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