Citas bibligráficas
Venero, F., (2020). Caracterización y comparación del uso de morteros de cementos portland y mortero polimérico en muros de albañilería [Tesis, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería]. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/21732
Venero, F., Caracterización y comparación del uso de morteros de cementos portland y mortero polimérico en muros de albañilería [Tesis]. PE: Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería; 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/21732
@misc{renati/711332,
title = "Caracterización y comparación del uso de morteros de cementos portland y mortero polimérico en muros de albañilería",
author = "Venero Carrasco, Fabio Franco",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería",
year = "2020"
}
Structural and non-structural masonry are important elements and materials in the construction process of a building, even more so in a country like Peru where, according to the INEI, these composite materials are used as components of self-built houses, this is due to the need to satisfy the housing shortage. This form of construction, which constitutes a total of 67% of homes in the country, does not have technical assistance and is built without the necessary knowledge of the properties and the correct use of materials, so the dissemination of information plays an essential role to reduce the risks to which the inhabitants are exposed. Faced with this situation, the present research develops the characterization of the interaction of materials that are possible options for the Peruvian settlers and builders, specifically between four different mortars interacting with three different masonry units, in order to obtain the characteristics of the different resulting options and determine the alternatives with the greatest benefits for the intended purpose. To do this, two approaches were addressed: the first focuses on the structural properties of masonry and its components; while the second covers the constructive properties (economic and productivity characteristics) of each possible alternative. After that, the results obtained could be analyzed and compared. It should be mentioned that the mortars evaluated were: conventional C:A 1:4 (called standard mortar), conventional C:A 1:5, bagged and polymeric, while the bricks were: “King Kong 18 huecos”, “pandereta acanalada” and concrete. The first focus was on the structural characterization of the masonry that is the physical and mechanical properties and characteristics were evaluated. To do this, initially, the performance of bricks and mortar components (cement, aggregate and water) was estimated according to the requirements of Peruvian standards. After that, masonry piles subjected to axial compression were tested, of which those built with standard mortar (conventional C:A 1:4) had the best performance, followed by piles with conventional mortars C:A 1:5, bagged and polymeric, which reached equivalent results up to 93%, 86% and 41% respectively, all of them compared to the results of the standard mortar. Likewise, walls subjected to diagonal compression were evaluated, in which those that were built with bagged mortar achieved results that exceed those with standard mortar, with equivalent results of up to 107%. After them, which second in performance (equivalent to 100%), follow those of conventional C:A 1:5 mortar and polymeric mortar, with values of up to 74% and 29%, respectively. Finally, adhesion to prisms was evaluated by adapting a test; of whose results, the piles made with standard and polymeric mortars are the ones that show the best performance, with results that reach an equivalent of up to 323% with respect to those obtained with the standard mortar. Likewise, the results obtained by the piles with bagged mortar and polymeric mortar achieve lower results with values of up to 85% and 79%, respectively. The other approach covered the performance of productivity in the masonry options investigated, this through the study and analysis of times, calculation of production speed and yields. For this, tools such as the “Card Balance” and the “Work Sampling” during the construction process of the walls were used, from which it is inferred that the use of polymeric mortar represents the most suitable option, since it achieves an excellent production speed and has a high percentage of productive times (TP = 68%) compared to the use of cementitious mortars (TP = 32%). Likewise, to compare the cost performance, the unit price analyzes of the alternatives considered in the research were used, from whose interpretation it is deduced that the productive benefits of the polymeric mortar also influence costs, achieving savings of up to S/. 17.83, S/. 20.10 and S/ 19.71 per square meter compared to the use of conventional C:A 1:4, conventional C:A 1:5 and bagged mortars, respectively, equivalent to savings of 24%, 26% and 22% compared to the original prices of each of the options. Finally, when evaluating both the structural and constructive results obtained from the research approaches, it is observed that the option that provides good structural performance and is the best economic alternative for the construction of structural masonry is the one that uses conventional mortar C:A 1:4, specifically in conjunction with the “King Kong 18 huecos” brick. While, in the case of non-structural masonry, the options that use “pandereta acanalada” brick present better performance and economic performance. It is worth mentioning that, for the use of polymeric mortars in masonry, it is suggested to carry out more tests to validate their structural properties.
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