Diseño de soporte estructural para el montaje de un molino de bolas en el sector minero basado en el método de diseño por factores de carga y resistencia y en la norma ANSI/AISC 360 – 16

Abstract

En el presente trabajo de suficiencia profesional se realiza el diseño de un soporte estructural para el montaje de un molino de bolas en la construcción de un centro minero. Este soporte se diseña empleando las normas “ANSI/AISC 360-16: Especificación para Edificios de Acero Estructural” emitida por el Instituto Americano de Construcción en Acero (American Institute of Steel Construction o AISC en inglés), la norma “ASCE/SEI 7-16: Cargas Mínimas de Diseño y Criterios Asociados para Edificios y Otras Estructuras” emitido por la Sociedad Americana de Ingenieros Civiles (American Society of Civil Engineers o ASCE en inglés), y el “Reglamento Nacional de Edificaciones” (RNE) emitido por el Ministerio de Vivienda, Construcción y Saneamiento (MVCS). El diseño del soporte estructural inicia aplicando la factorización de cargas actuantes sobre la estructura empleando el método Diseño por Factores de Carga y Resistencia (Load and Resistance Factor Design o LRFD en inglés) descrito en la norma ASCE/SEI 7-16, determinando la carga factorizada actuante sobre cada columna para posteriormente realizar el cálculo de resistencia del elemento. Para su análisis, el soporte estructural se evalúa analizando la resistencia que posee cada elemento, siendo estos: columnas con perfiles W, arriostres con perfiles HSS, vigas con perfiles C, placa base, pernería y soldadura. El cálculo de resistencia de cada elemento se obtiene empleando el método LRFD mostrado en la norma ANSI/AISC 360-16, de esta manera se identifica la acción de la fuerza actuante en cada miembro estructural, así como los efectos que ocasionan estas fuerzas sobre cada elemento. Finalmente se realiza la validación del diseño del soporte estructural empleando el software SOLIDWORKS 2020 de donde se obtienen las cargas actuantes internas del elemento, esfuerzos presentes en la estructura, factores de seguridad y deflexiones lográndose validar el diseño realizado.

In this professional sufficiency research work, the design of a structural support is carried out for the assembly of a ball mill in the construction of a mining center. This support is designed using the standard “ANSI/AISC 360- 16: Specification for Structural Steel Buildings” issued by the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), the standard “ASCE/SEI 7-16: Minimum Design Loads and Associative Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures” issued by the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), and the “National Building Regulations (RNE) issued by the Ministry of Housing, Construction and Sanitation (MVCS). The design of the structural support is started by applying the factorization of acting loads on the structure using the Load and Resistance Factor Design o LRFD) method described in the ASCE/SEI 7-16 standard, determining the factorized load acting on each column to subsequently perform the element resistance calculation. For its analysis, the structural support is evaluated by analyzing the resistance of each element, these being: columns with W profiles, braces with HSS profiles, beams with C profiles, base plate, fasteners and welding. The resistance calculation of each element is obtained using LRFD method shown in the ANSI/AISC 360-16 standard, in this way the action of the acting force in each structural member is identified, as well as the effects that these forces cause on each element. Finally, the validation of the design of the structural support is carried out using the SOLIDWORKS 2020 software from where the internal loads acting on each element, efforts present in the structure, safety factors and deflections are obtained, managing to validate the design made.

In this professional sufficiency research work, the design of a structural support is carried out for the assembly of a ball mill in the construction of a mining center. This support is designed using the standard “ANSI/AISC 360- 16: Specification for Structural Steel Buildings” issued by the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), the standard “ASCE/SEI 7-16: Minimum Design Loads and Associative Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures” issued by the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), and the “National Building Regulations (RNE) issued by the Ministry of Housing, Construction and Sanitation (MVCS). The design of the structural support is started by applying the factorization of acting loads on the structure using the Load and Resistance Factor Design o LRFD) method described in the ASCE/SEI 7-16 standard, determining the factorized load acting on each column to subsequently perform the element resistance calculation. For its analysis, the structural support is evaluated by analyzing the resistance of each element, these being: columns with W profiles, braces with HSS profiles, beams with C profiles, base plate, fasteners and welding. The resistance calculation of each element is obtained using LRFD method shown in the ANSI/AISC 360-16 standard, in this way the action of the acting force in each structural member is identified, as well as the effects that these forces cause on each element. Finally, the validation of the design of the structural support is carried out using the SOLIDWORKS 2020 software from where the internal loads acting on each element, efforts present in the structure, safety factors and deflections are obtained, managing to validate the design made.