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Estrada, F., (2012). Análisis exergético para la optimización del recurso energético de una planta de harina de pescado [Tesis, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería]. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/3339
Estrada, F., Análisis exergético para la optimización del recurso energético de una planta de harina de pescado [Tesis]. : Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería; 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/3339
@mastersthesis{renati/706463,
title = "Análisis exergético para la optimización del recurso energético de una planta de harina de pescado",
author = "Estrada Almanza, Ferdinan",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería",
year = "2012"
}
Title: Análisis exergético para la optimización del recurso energético de una planta de harina de pescado
Authors(s): Estrada Almanza, Ferdinan
Advisor(s): Gonzáles Chávez, Salomé
Keywords: Balance energético; Secadores (Industria de la harina de pescado); Plantas de harina de pescado
Issue Date: 2012
Institution: Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería
Abstract: La tendencia actual en las plantas de harina de pescado, es la de reducir costos de producción y emisiones al medio ambiente, el presente estudio busca esta meta a través del ahorro energético, basándose en un análisis exergético, donde el calor específico es una variable fundamental.
Usando la teoría de sustancia pura basada en calores específicos, se obtiene entalpías, entropías y exergías de las sustancias del proceso, lo cual permite modelar los consumos y pérdidas energéticas en una planta. Para encontrar el calor específico se ha usado parámetros de operación muestreados por laboratorios de calidad de las plantas de harina, y modelos matemáticos de distintos autores, los resultados han sido comparados con valores de calores específicos de muestras de harina analizados en los laboratorios de la Facultad de Química de la Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, obteniendo una diferencia 0,042 kJ/kg, lo cual permite tener valores con una desviación del orden del 2.5% respecto a valores reales de consumo de combustible, que representa aproximadamente el 75% del costo de la generación de vapor.
Con el análisis de exergía, se observa que una planta con un arreglo deficiente puede tener pérdidas del orden S/. 2 millones por mes, el análisis se efectúa en un programa que calcula el calor específico, entalpías, exergías, balances de masa de energía y exergía, usando la composición de grasa, humedad, sólidos, temperatura y presión parámetros normalmente controlados en plantas de harina de pescado.
En el Perú, el estado obliga a la reducción de emisión de gases y efluentes mediante normas constitucionales, la Ley General de Medio Ambiente N° 28611, Decretos y Resoluciones Ministeriales; para cumplir con esta normativa se está cambiando la tecnología de secado directo por el de secado indirecto; está proyectado que a fines del año 2013 no debería ya existir plantas de harina con secado indirecto (FAQ), por lo que el programa desarrollado será de ayuda para tomar decisiones durante la producción y el arreglo de plantas.
Palabras clave: Calor específico, exergía, energía, harina de pescado, flujos multifásicos
The current trend in fishmeal plants, is to reduce production costs and environmental emissions, this study seeks this goal through energy savings, based on exergy analysis, where the specific heat is a fundamental variable. Using the theory of pure substance based on specific heat is obtained enthalpy, entropy and exergy of the substances in the process, which allows modeling the energy consumption and energy losses in a plant. To find the specific heat, it has been used operating parameters sampled inquality fish laboratories meal plants and mathematical models of different authors, the results have been compared with values of specific heats of flour samples analyzed in the Faculty of Chemistry of the National University of Engineering laboratories in which theyobtain a difference of 0.042kJI/kg, having values with a to 2.5% compared to values of actual fuel consumption, which represents the 75 % of steam generation costs. The Exergy analysis concludes that a plant can loose up to S/. 2 millionper month. The analysis is performed in a program that calculates the values of specific heat, enthalpy, exergy, energy balance, exergy balance and mass balancewith data of fat composition, moisture, solids, temperature and pressure, parameters that are normally controlled in fish meal plants. In Peru, the state requires the reduction of gas emissions and effluents by constitutional standards, the General Environmental Law No. 28611, the Supreme Decree and Ministerial Resolution. To comply this law it is been change direct drying technology into indirect drying, ls expected in late 2013, the fishmeal plants of indirect drying (FAQ), will be ceased, the program will help you make decisions during the design and production of fish meal plants. Keywords: Specific heat, exergy, energy, fish meal, multiphase flows
The current trend in fishmeal plants, is to reduce production costs and environmental emissions, this study seeks this goal through energy savings, based on exergy analysis, where the specific heat is a fundamental variable. Using the theory of pure substance based on specific heat is obtained enthalpy, entropy and exergy of the substances in the process, which allows modeling the energy consumption and energy losses in a plant. To find the specific heat, it has been used operating parameters sampled inquality fish laboratories meal plants and mathematical models of different authors, the results have been compared with values of specific heats of flour samples analyzed in the Faculty of Chemistry of the National University of Engineering laboratories in which theyobtain a difference of 0.042kJI/kg, having values with a to 2.5% compared to values of actual fuel consumption, which represents the 75 % of steam generation costs. The Exergy analysis concludes that a plant can loose up to S/. 2 millionper month. The analysis is performed in a program that calculates the values of specific heat, enthalpy, exergy, energy balance, exergy balance and mass balancewith data of fat composition, moisture, solids, temperature and pressure, parameters that are normally controlled in fish meal plants. In Peru, the state requires the reduction of gas emissions and effluents by constitutional standards, the General Environmental Law No. 28611, the Supreme Decree and Ministerial Resolution. To comply this law it is been change direct drying technology into indirect drying, ls expected in late 2013, the fishmeal plants of indirect drying (FAQ), will be ceased, the program will help you make decisions during the design and production of fish meal plants. Keywords: Specific heat, exergy, energy, fish meal, multiphase flows
Link to repository: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/3339
Discipline: Maestría en Ciencias con Mención en Energética
Grade or title grantor: Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería. Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica. Unidad de Posgrado
Grade or title: Maestro en Ciencias con Mención en Energética
Register date: 16-Jun-2017
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