Citas bibligráficas
Adauto, A., (2017). Evaluación de la capacidad de adsorción de las arcillas organofílicas para la adsorción de nitratos y nitritos en soluciones acuosas [Tesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú]. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/9286
Adauto, A., Evaluación de la capacidad de adsorción de las arcillas organofílicas para la adsorción de nitratos y nitritos en soluciones acuosas [Tesis]. PE: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú; 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/9286
@mastersthesis{renati/535034,
title = "Evaluación de la capacidad de adsorción de las arcillas organofílicas para la adsorción de nitratos y nitritos en soluciones acuosas",
author = "Adauto Ureta, Anaís Elena",
publisher = "Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú",
year = "2017"
}
The present thesis aimed to study the adsorption of nitrate and nitrite anions in aqueous solutions using organophilic clays as adsorbents. The organophilic clays were obtained by replacing the exchange cations present in the precursor clays with quaternary ammonium cations. For this purpose, two precursor clays were used, was the one natural calcium clay (FS) and the other was the same clay exchanged with Na+ (CP) and two ammonium cations, hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA) and benzyltriethylammonium (BTEA) with amounts equivalent to 1.5, 2.5 and 4.0 cation exchange capacity (C.E.C) of the precursor clay. In order to determine the structural, morphological and textural characteristics of the precursor clays and the organophilic clays, instrumental and analytical techniques were used. The obtained X-ray diffractograms (XRD) showed a significant variation in the basal spacing d001 between the precursor clays and the organophilic clays. In addition, the presence of the -CH2 and C-N groups in the FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of the ammonium cations in the organophilic clays. This exchange was also evidenced by the Boehm titration and the zero charge point analysis. From the N2 sorption analysis, a reduction of the surface area was observed. Considering the adsorption capacity of the organophilic clays for both anions, the following order was found: CP-HDTMA-4.0 > CP-HDTMA-2.5 > FS-HDTMA-4.0, FS-HDTMA-2.5 > CPHDTMA- 1.5 > FS-HDTMA-1.5 > CP-BTEA-4.0 > CP-BTEA-2.5 > FS-BTEA-4.0 > FS-BTEA-2.5 > CPBTEA- 1.5 > FS-BTEA-1.5. The adsorption of nitrate and nitrite was fast in the first few minutes, reaching equilibrium at 8 - 15 min. The kinetic model that presented a better fit with the experimental results of the adsorption of both anions was pseudo-second order. With respect to the nitrate adsorption isotherms, a better fit was found with the Redlich-Peterson and Langmuir models, while for the nitrite adsorption, the isotherms were better correlated with the Langmuir model. When evaluating the factors that influence the adsorption capacity of nitrate and nitrite, it was possible to reach the maximum adsorption at pH = 4 and with an amount of ammonium salt equivalent to 4.0 C.E.C of the precursor clay, while at pH = 10 and with an amount of ammonium salt of 1.5 C.E.C a minimum adsorption was obtained.
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