Citas bibligráficas
Chávez, O., (2021). Análisis de ciclo de vida del proyecto de construcción de un taller de camiones en una unidad minera del Departamento de Ica [Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú]. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/21135
Chávez, O., Análisis de ciclo de vida del proyecto de construcción de un taller de camiones en una unidad minera del Departamento de Ica []. PE: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú; 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/21135
@misc{renati/528223,
title = "Análisis de ciclo de vida del proyecto de construcción de un taller de camiones en una unidad minera del Departamento de Ica",
author = "Chávez Parra, Omar Fernando",
publisher = "Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú",
year = "2021"
}
Mining is the second largest economic activity in Peru, ranking second in copper, silver and zinc production worldwide, which reflects an immense geological potential, with mining units of significant global impact. The region of Ica is one of the regions with the greatest mining investment, generating great economic and social benefits, and therefore requires an infrastructure in line with this purpose. However, this activity generates a great environmental impact within the area of execution, because it uses a large amount of natural and energy resources throughout its life cycle, which must be analyzed with a broader and deeper vision than that required by Peruvian regulations. Therefore, for the present study we seek to apply the environmental management tool known as Life Cycle Analysis (LCA), which allows us to quantify the environmental impacts of our case study, which is the construction of a truck workshop within a mining unit in the region of Ica. The functional unit used for this case study is 1 square meter (1 m2) of construction. For the life cycle inventory, information was collected directly from the contractor company, and the ReCiPe 2016 calculation methodology was used for the impact categories, such as global warming, stratospheric ozone depletion, ionizing radiation, fine particulate matter formation, ozone formation, terrestrial acidification, eutrophication, terrestrial and marine ecotoxicity, human carcinogenic and non- carcinogenic toxicity, land use, mineral resource scarcity, fossil resource scarcity and water consumption The results obtained reflect a large environmental cost for the area where it was executed, and are consistent with the magnitude of the construction project on which it was based. In terms of climate change, 10.47 tons of CO2 equivalent per m2 of construction were released as a result of the various life-cycle effects of the truck shop. Nearly 89% is found in the use stage, due to the materials and electrical energy required for its use and maintenance; 10.2% in the construction stage and the difference in the end-of-life stage. For the other impact categories, a predominance is observed in the use stage, due to the useful life of the building according to the specified design. The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is the tool required by Peruvian regulations for all investment projects that may generate significant negative impacts, in order to analyze, measure and prevent the effects of their implementation, indicating pollution prevention measures, using various methodologies. However, three differences were found with respect to the results obtained from an LCA: the results are expressed qualitatively, based mainly on expert opinions; it only analyzes the impacts produced exclusively by the activities of the construction project; and lastly, the terms of reference depend on the evaluation criteria of the relevant authorities. The results obtained should serve as a tool for the optimization of construction processes with the objective of reducing the levels of environmental impact, improving techniques and with a process of continuous improvement. The environmental issue is often diminished by economic interests, so it is suggested that there is a process of awareness of the consequences generated to the environment.
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