Factores biosocioculturales y autocuidado del paciente con tratamiento de quimioterapia. Unidad oncológica del Hospital II-E Lamas 2024

Abstract

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación que existe entre los factores biosocioculturales: edad, sexo, estado civil, grado de instrucción, y el nivel de autocuidado en pacientes sometidos a quimioterapia, en el Hospital II-E Lamas, 2024. Se empleó un abordaje cuantitativo, correlacional de corte transversal, en una población de 60 pacientes, a quienes a través de la encuesta se les aplicó un cuestionario, para medir cada variable. Los resultados encontrados son: el 40% tiene entre 40 a 49 años de edad, 25% entre 50 a 59 años, 20% entre 25 a 39 años y 15% más de 59 años; el 55% son del sexo femenino; 50% son convivientes, 26.7% separados, 20% casados y 3.3% solteros; 30% cuenta con primaria, 28.3% secundaria, 28.3% técnicos y 13.3% son profesionales. Así mismo, el 90% tiene nivel de autocuidado regular. Finalmente, se encontró una relación estadísticamente entre estado civil y autocuidado (χ² = 45.426, df = 6, p (0.000) < 0.05). Sin embargo, no se encontraron relaciones significativas entre Sexo (χ² = 2.836, df = 2, p (0.242) > 0.05) ni grado de instrucción (χ² = 10.563, df = 6, p (0.103) > 0.05) y el autocuidado

The objective of this research was to determine the relationship that exists between biosociocultural factors: age, sex, marital status, level of education, stage of the disease, and the level of self-care in patients undergoing chemotherapy, at Hospital II-E Lamas, 2024. A quantitative, cross-sectional correlational approach was used in a population of 60 patients, to whom one questionnaire were applied through the survey to measure each variable. The results found are: 40% are between 40 and 49 years old, 25% between 50 and 59 years old, 20% between 25 and 39 years old and 15% over 59 years old; 55% are female; 50% are cohabiting, 26.7% are separated, 20% are married and 3.3% are single; 30% have primary school, 28.3% secondary school, 28.3% are technical and 13.3% are professionals. Likewise, 90% have a regular level of self-care. Finally, a statistical relationship was found between marital status and self-care (χ² = 45.426, df = 6, p (0.000) < 0.05). However, no significant relationships were found between Sex (χ² = 2.836, df = 2, p (0.242) > 0.05) or level of education (χ² = 10.563, df = 6, p (0.103) > 0.05) and self-care