Citas bibligráficas
Ruiz, S., (2019). La potestad sancionadora tributaria y la vulneración al principio de retroactividad benigna [Tesis, Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego - UPAO]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12759/5778
Ruiz, S., La potestad sancionadora tributaria y la vulneración al principio de retroactividad benigna [Tesis]. : Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego - UPAO; 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12759/5778
@misc{renati/381200,
title = "La potestad sancionadora tributaria y la vulneración al principio de retroactividad benigna",
author = "Ruiz Roman, Shirley Elizabeth",
publisher = "Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego - UPAO",
year = "2019"
}
The principles governing the sanctioning power, the absolute non-retroactivity mandate derives not only from Article 103 of the Constitution that states “(...) the law, since its entry into force, applies to the consequences of existing relationships and legal situations , and has no force or retroactive effects; except, in both cases, in criminal matters when it favors the accused “; but also of subsection d) of numeral 24 of article 2 that prescribes “No one shall be prosecuted or convicted for an act or omission that at the time of committing it is not previously qualified in the law, expressly and unequivocally, as a punishable offense; nor sanctioned with penalty not provided for in the law “, so that its connection with the principle of legality is undoubted. Now, we must ask ourselves whether the principle of the most favorable retroactive norm in criminal matters is applicable in the same intensity as administrative infractions. Being, the affirmative answer, this interpretation has constitutional protection, since by virtue of the substantial identity between administrative and criminal offenses, both are manifestations of the same generic ius puniendi of the State. However, in the absence of a general regulation of the punitive power of the State, those administered are exposed to the heterogeneous regulations of each of the administrative matters of diverse content, which causes a clear detriment to legal certainty, since unity and coherence in the exercise of such important power by public administration bodies are not guaranteed. In that sense, Article 168º of the TUO of the Tax Code, approved by D.S. 133-2013-EF has been establishing that: “the tax rules that suppress or reduce penalties for tax infractions, will not extinguish or reduce those that are in process or in execution“. Thus, the Tax Administration is empowered to determine and sanction the offending subject according to the norm that is in force, but in no way will it apply the benign retroactivity, since it has been excluded by the Tax Code. However, the exercise of the sanctioning power of the State in the administrative field, as well as in the tax sphere, is bound by the principles and guarantees provided for in the General Administrative Procedure Law, which obviously emanate from the Constitution, such as benign retroactivity. Otherwise, there would be an incorrect application of the principle of benign retroactivity in sanctioning matters, which would affect the legal security of the person, which constitutes a fundamental edge in the construction of the Law; since, the State has the obligation to protect any individual against the violation of their fundamental rights, providing guarantee to their own person, assets and legal powers.
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