Bibliographic citations
Cerda, D., (2012). Investigación, evaluación y análisis de ingeniería forense sobre en colapso del puente Reque durante la presencia del fenómeno el niño del año 1998 y medidas de mitigación para afianzar su estabilidad [Tesis, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería]. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/2960
Cerda, D., Investigación, evaluación y análisis de ingeniería forense sobre en colapso del puente Reque durante la presencia del fenómeno el niño del año 1998 y medidas de mitigación para afianzar su estabilidad [Tesis]. : Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería; 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/2960
@mastersthesis{renati/257749,
title = "Investigación, evaluación y análisis de ingeniería forense sobre en colapso del puente Reque durante la presencia del fenómeno el niño del año 1998 y medidas de mitigación para afianzar su estabilidad",
author = "Cerda Canelo, Dino",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería",
year = "2012"
}
An analysis of forensic engineering based on the hydrologic and hydraulic modeling of the Reque River was performed to determine the causes that led to the collapse of the bridge Reque located at Km 772 +889 of the Panamericana Norte road, during El Nino of 1998. The Reque Bridge was built in 1960, it was 100.36 m long and it had three metal structures of Man type, each structure was 33 m long and of double track. These structures were supported on two abutments and two intermediate reinforced concrete supports. Also the supports were consisted of a pair of grounded cylindrical pillars over the piles. The approach analysis of forensic engineering applied to the Reque bridge collapse has been to evaluate the problematic caused by the crossing of the river in this area along the years as a particular problem of hydrology and fluvial hydraulics which have meant significant economic and human lives losses for our country. In the hydrology field, the hydrograph that caused the collapse of the bridge was generated from the Hec Hms program, which was calibrated with the hydrometric records of the Reque River, obtained from Olmos Tinajones Special Project for different sections of capacity. As a result of the hydrological analysis, it is concluded that the Reque Bridge collapsed with a flow equal to 143.3 m3/s. This value was recorded at 10.00 am on 01 March 1998 with a peak flow of 532.56 m3/s. This hydrograph is the result of a complex iterative process in reverse time order. In the hydraulic field, hydraulic variables were analyzed in two stages, in the first stage was used the Hec Ras program that has allowed to obtain flow profiles and scour depths. In the second stage, it was used 2D River program that has allowed obtaining straps and velocities in the plane of the Reque river bed. As a result of the hydraulic analysis, it concludes that the overflow that led the collapse of the bridge caused flow strains of about 2.8 m deep scour around 7.5 m depth in the damaged pillar, as a consequence of a flow concentration. The straps were calibrated with watermarks in the stirrup and the scour levels were calibrated in some way with the level of rudeness of the piles and the characteristics of the strata that remain in the Reque river bed. The forensic engineering analysis has also showed other factors that are not often taken into account in the design of bridges, but they contributed to the collapse of the bridge Reque; among these factors, we can mention: its location in plant, the design of protection works, the foundation type, and the depth of rudeness of the substructures. The decisive factors that contributed to the bridge collapse were technical omissions in the design of coastal defense of the right bank, the level of rudeness of the piles, and the choice of the deep foundation. Finally, this analysis has tried to show proposals for mitigation measures to preserve the stability of the Reque river crossing, starting from the two-dimensional analysis of the whole structure in river current conditions; hence, on mitigation it is recommended a maintenance of the existing castled, and finally this analysis proposes the relocation of the Reque bridge to an area of more fluvial stability.
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