Citas bibligráficas
Goyburo, A., (2021). Reconstrucción histórica y proyecciones de cambio climático de la seguridad hídrica en la cuenca Vilcanota, Urubamba [Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/5086
Goyburo, A., Reconstrucción histórica y proyecciones de cambio climático de la seguridad hídrica en la cuenca Vilcanota, Urubamba []. PE: Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina; 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/5086
@mastersthesis{renati/249146,
title = "Reconstrucción histórica y proyecciones de cambio climático de la seguridad hídrica en la cuenca Vilcanota, Urubamba",
author = "Goyburo Peña, Andrés",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina",
year = "2021"
}
Water is an essential resource for social and economic development. The availability is always threatened by the rapid increase in its demand. A reality that is occurring in different parts of the world. Water demand increases due to anthropogenic effects and, the supply is affected by climate change. Equitable and sustainable planning of water allocation is the best way to deal with them. To allocate the water resources efficiently, it is essential to understand the water balance in the study area. This research aims to reconstruct and evaluate future water security until the year 2099, in the VilcanotaUrubamba basin. Two scenarios were taken into consideration: socio-economic and climate change and used the WEAP tool (“Water Evaluation and Planning System”) to perform a distributed hydrological model. The study area covers the VilcanotaUrubamba basin in the southern Peruvian Andes and presents a complex context of water demand as a glacier-fed system. The results reveal that the water available is much higher than the current demand for water in the Vilcanota-Urubamba basin (VUB). The current annual water demand is estimated at 254 hm3/year, the main users being the agricultural (86.6%), domestic (12%) and industrial (1.4%). The water supply was estimated at 4848 hm3/year the main source is precipitation (98%) and the Sibinacocha reservoir (2%). Groundwater is extracted but it was not considered in the study. The water supply is 19 times greater than the demand. For the climate change scenarios Scenario 1 and Scenario 2 an increase in precipitation and temperature is expected. For the period 2017-2040, the water demand is covered. As of the year 2050, an increase in unmet demand is detected for each scenario. In the period 2041-2070, an uncovered demand of 56.72 hm3 is estimated for Scenario 1 and for Scenario 2 of 42.62 hm3 . For the period 2071-2099 it is 477.21 hm3 in Scenario 1 and 445.80 hm3 for Scenario 2. The main unmet demands are population and agriculture. Two new scenarios were generated Scenario 3 and Scenario 4 to measure the effect of population control measures and improvement of irrigation infrastructure. These measures proved to have a positive impact on reducing unmet demand. For the period 2041-2070, the uncovered demand of Scenario 4 is 34.6 hm3 , a reduction of 39%. The Scenario 4 has an uncovered demand of 26.7 hm3 , a reduction of 37%. For the period 2070-2099, the uncovered demand of Scenario 3 is 252.8 hm3 , a reduction of 46%. The Scenario 4 has an unmet demand of 238.2 hm3 , which is a reduction of 47%. Currently, the water resources of the VUB basin can be more used for socio-economic development based on the use of water resources. However, measures must be taken into account to properly manage and distribute the water resource throughout the study area. This ensures that the measures are sustainable over time and do not negatively affect the basin. If the current use of the water resource continues, the demands will not be covered by the water supply.
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