Citas bibligráficas
Villodas, L., (2015). Validación de estrategias de PROINPA para el control químico de la rancha (Phytophthora infestans) de la papa en Huánuco Perú [Tesis, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/932
Villodas, L., Validación de estrategias de PROINPA para el control químico de la rancha (Phytophthora infestans) de la papa en Huánuco Perú [Tesis]. : Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina; 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/932
@mastersthesis{renati/248671,
title = "Validación de estrategias de PROINPA para el control químico de la rancha (Phytophthora infestans) de la papa en Huánuco Perú",
author = "Villodas Rosales, Luis",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina",
year = "2015"
}
In order to validate and adapt PROINPA strategies for chemical control of potato late blight in susceptible potato cultivars and complement it with resistance, three trials were conducted in Mayobamba (Huánuco) using local cultivars. PROINPA strategy for susceptible cultivars was applied in AmarillaTumbay and Canchán and strategy for resistant cultivars to Amarilis, Canchán and two clones pre-selected for resistance to potato late blight. In both strategies the cimoxanil/propineb fungicides and clorotalonil were used. The disease severity was assessed visually with the help of a diagrammatic scale, the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) and the tuber yield were calculated. Moreover, the sporulation and the sensitivity of Phytophthora infestans to metalaxil were measured by in vitro tests. Effective control of late blight and high tuber yields with fungicides reductions by 30-50% and 44-70% in susceptible and resistant cultivars, respectively were obtained with PROINPA strategies. The Canchán and Amarilis cultivars showed low levels of resistance that did not allow significant savings of fungicides applied under favorable conditions for late blight. A clone previously selected by farmers from original material obtained from the International Potato Center (CIP), showed an appropriate level of resistance to late blight. All isolates of P. infestans were shown to be resistant to metalaxil at concentrations of 5 to 100 ppm. Using the susceptible cultivar AmarillaTumbay with two programs of fungicides application (5- or 10-day intervals): cimoxanil/propineb or mefenoxam/mancozeb or clorotalonil, while in the PROINPA strategy fungicides were used in pairs: cimoxanil/propineb with clototalonil or mefenoxam/mancozeb with clorotalonil. Applying clorotalonil at 5-day intervals the disease was effectively controlled, and tuber yield and net profit showed the highest values. The mefenoxam and cimoxanil used within the PROINPA strategy had acceptable performance, even with a population of P. infestans showing reduced sensibility to metalaxil. The best action of cimoxanil was observed when the applications were at 5-day intervals. A highly significant positive correlation between time and growth of the lesion caused by P. infestans was determined. Using the resistant cultivar Amarilis, our results showed that this cultivar behaved as susceptible and acceptable level of late blight control required at least 15 fungicide applications at 5-day intervals. The 5-day intervals of mefenoxam/mancozeb or cymoxanil/propineb significantly increased the tuber yield and the net profit. However, using the PROINPA strategy the number of applications and tuber yield were reduced by 30% and 7%, respectively. These results confirmed that the 10-day intervals between applications of the three fungicides used in this study was too long for effective control of late blight under the environmental conditions and population of P. infestans at Mayobamba.
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