Citas bibligráficas
Sifuentes, L., (2023). Revaloración de levadura (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) residual del proceso de elaboración de cerveza y obtención de fertilizante orgánico [Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/5952
Sifuentes, L., Revaloración de levadura (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) residual del proceso de elaboración de cerveza y obtención de fertilizante orgánico []. PE: Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina; 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/5952
@mastersthesis{renati/248624,
title = "Revaloración de levadura (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) residual del proceso de elaboración de cerveza y obtención de fertilizante orgánico",
author = "Sifuentes Estrada, Leyla",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina",
year = "2023"
}
Currently, 14 million hectoliters of beer are produced in Peru, being a considerable amount of waste generation and waste to the environment. The main objective of the present study was to revalue the residual yeast of the brewing process, by obtaining organic fertilizer. In order to give added value to the residual yeast, whose volume can reach 1 – 3 percent of the volume of beer produced and apply lactic fermentation technology, this research was carried out at the facilities of the Bioremediation Laboratory of the National Agrarian University La Molina – UNALM. Yeast was studied, because, at present, they are the industries of the food sector; those that generate greater pollution after the mining and fishing industry, thus generating critical environmental problems. In the characterization of the yeast, the following results were obtained; pH: 6.52, electrical conductivity: 3.60 dS/m, relative humidity: 84.94 percent, organic matter in solution: 66.64 percent, macro nutrients (nitrogen: 8.38 percent, phosphoric acid: 3.90 percent, potassium oxide: 2.23 percent, calcium oxide: 0.17 percent, magnesium oxide: 0.39 percent and sodium: 0.04 percent), micronutrients (iron: 146ppm, zinc: 215ppm, manganese: 11ppm, boron: 27ppm, copper: 10ppm) heavy metals (cadmium: 0.00ppm, chromium: 2.83ppm, lead: 0.53ppm); These results indicate that the raw material meets the necessary nutrients to be metabolized in lactic fermentation, to obtain liquid organic fertilizer; Results that were corroborated with studies by other researchers in the field of biofertilizer, carried out with other raw materials. In the characterization of liquid organic fertilizer the following results were obtained; pH: 3.96, electrical conductivity: 21.40 dS/m, total solids: 183.30 g/L, organic matter in solution: 146.40 g/L, macronutrients (nitrogen: 8974.00 mg/L, phosphorus: 1619.05mg/L, potassium: 9625.00 mg/L, calcium: 1472.00 mg/L, magnesium: 1275.00 mg/L and sodium: 232.50 mg/L.), micronutrients (iron: 41.40 mg/L), micronutrients (iron: 41.40 mg/L), zinc: 13.33 mg/L, manganese: 4.00 mg/L, boron: 7.07 mg/L, copper: 0.95 mg/L) and heavy metals (cadmium: 1.39 mg/L, chromium: 0.01 mg/L, lead: 0.01 mg/L). These results suggest that the liquid organic fertilizer meets the quality criteria to be used in agriculture. These criteria result from different researchers in the field of biofertilizer, which were worked and tested on different seeds. The efficiency of liquid organic fertilizer in lettuce seeds was also evaluated, for which lettuce seeds and Petri dishes were used, in which the seeds were planted, adding the organic fertilizer diluted in 100, 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-4 and control; In this way, in a time of seven days, the size of the radicle and the hypocotyl were evaluated. In unpasteurized yeast, in dilutions 10-2, 10-3 and 10-4; The germination of seeds was observed in more than 50 percent of the total inoculated, according to the results, there is a strong presence of phytotoxic substances in the 10-2 dilution, also in the 10-3 and 10-4 solution, there is moderate presence of phytotoxic substances. On the other hand, in pasteurized yeast, in dilutions 10-2, 10-3 and 10-4, they have a germination index of 84.2 percent, 96.3 percent and 97.8 percent respectively; This means that there are no toxic substances, or they are in very low concentration.
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