Citas bibligráficas
Sánchez, Y., (2021). Propiedades físicas y químicas de los suelos en sistemas silvopastoriles en Amazonas y San Martín [Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/4749
Sánchez, Y., Propiedades físicas y químicas de los suelos en sistemas silvopastoriles en Amazonas y San Martín []. PE: Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina; 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/4749
@mastersthesis{renati/248411,
title = "Propiedades físicas y químicas de los suelos en sistemas silvopastoriles en Amazonas y San Martín",
author = "Sánchez Castro, Yenny",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina",
year = "2021"
}
The option of soil management with silvopastoral (SS) systems as an alternative to soil degradation by overgrazing is being used by farmers in the Peruvian Amazon. The objective of this research was to characterize different SS prototypes through physical and chemical analysis of the soil selected in farmers' fields in the provinces of Chachapoyas and Rodríguez de Mendoza belonging to the department of Amazonas and in the district of Soritor belonging to the province of Moyobamba in the department of San Martin. In the Molinopampa sector the SS evaluated were a) Alder (Alnus acuminata) in alleys b) Pine (Pinus patula.) in alleys c) Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.) in live fence and d) Pona (Ceroxylon peruvianum) dispersed in pastures. In the sector of Rodriguez de Mendoza were a) Poplar (Populus alba) dispersed in pastures b) Guaba (Inga edulis) in live fence and c) Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus torrelliana) in live fence. In the district of Soritor, the SS evaluated were a) Guaba (Inga edulis) dispersed in paddocks, b) Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus torrelliana) in live fence and c) Tornillo (Cedrelinga cateniformis) dispersed in paddocks and d) as witness was evaluated in the open field by each SS. There were 2 pits for each SS in two positions, three understory and in the open field. Bulk density (BD), soil moisture (H), total porosity (TP), mechanical resistance (MR) and texture were evaluated. Soil chemical properties such as MO, N, P, K and CIC were also evaluated. The statistical designs used were completely randomized design and complete block design. In Molinopampa district, soil DA values were low in the SS Aliso, Ciprés, Pino and Pona in both rainy and dry seasons. These soil physical indices showed values that did not affect the soil. However, due to the high moisture content of the soil, it did not show better results of the BD and TP of the soil. In the evaluations in dry season, adequate H values were found, which allowed finding differences and more representative values to express the degree of compaction by effect of stoking rate. The MR indicator at different depths was more consistent and significant variations were detected in the compaction at different depths. Chemical analysis diagnosed medium fertility for the Alder and Cypress systems and low fertility for the Pine and Pona systems. In Rodríguez de Mendoza, BD was reported higher in the SS Eucalyptus and lower for the SS Álamo and Guaba in dry season, which was confirmed by MR with higher values that meant compaction with the SS with Eucalyptus. The chemical properties showed average fertility levels in Poplar, Guava and Eucalyptus systems. In Soritor district, soil physical properties were evaluated, obtaining adequate moisture (20.39 to 34.15%), and recording values for BD with ranges between 1.16 and 1.34 g/cm3 for Guaba, Eucalyptus and Tornillo systems being higher in Eucalyptus SS. Likewise, TP values fluctuated between 49.39 and 56.35%. Similarly, the values obtained with the MR, taken at different depths, registered variations in the compaction of the different SS, the most compacted being the SS with Eucalyptus. Finally, low values of chemical fertility were obtained in the three evaluated systems.
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