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Cadena, D., (2021). Sustentabilidad de fincas productoras de Arroz bajo riego en el Cantón Badahoyo, Ecuador [Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/4878
Cadena, D., Sustentabilidad de fincas productoras de Arroz bajo riego en el Cantón Badahoyo, Ecuador []. PE: Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina; 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/4878
@phdthesis{renati/247793,
title = "Sustentabilidad de fincas productoras de Arroz bajo riego en el Cantón Badahoyo, Ecuador",
author = "Cadena Piedrahita, Dalton Leonardo",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina",
year = "2021"
}
Título: Sustentabilidad de fincas productoras de Arroz bajo riego en el Cantón Badahoyo, Ecuador
Autor(es): Cadena Piedrahita, Dalton Leonardo
Asesor(es): Helfgott Lerner, Salomón
Palabras clave: Arroz; Explotaciones agrarias; Sostenibilidad; Riego; Entorno socioeconómico; Investigación; Sistemas de producción; Zona tropical; Ecuador; Cantón Badahoyo
Campo OCDE: https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.01
Fecha de publicación: 2021
Institución: Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina
Resumen: La presente investigación se realizó en el sector de CEDEGE, cantón Babahoyo, provincia de Los Ríos, Ecuador, involucrando tres etapas. En la primera etapa se realizó la caracterización de las fincas con un sistema de producción de arroz bajo riego, seleccionando una población de 5133 UPAs (Unidades de Producción Agropecuaria), de la que se extrajo una muestra significativa de n = 104 para ejecutar la encuesta al productor, la cual incluyó aspectos técnicos, económicos productivos, ecológicos ambientales y socio culturales. En la segunda etapa se realizó la evaluación de la eficacia de herbicidas en el sistema de producción de arroz bajo riego, usando como material de siembra la variedad INDIA SFL 11; este trabajo experimental contó con 8 tratamientos y 4 repeticiones de mezclas de herbicidas en premergencia y postemergencia, dispuestos en modelo Experimental de Bloques Completamente al Azar, evaluando y comparando las medias de los tratamientos, mediante la prueba de Tukey al 95 % de probabilidades. En la tercera y última etapa, se establecieron los valores de los indicadores ambientales, económicos y sociales, que determinaron los niveles de sustentabilidad en el sistema de producción de arroz bajo riego, identificando para el aspecto económico tres indicadores y ocho subindicadores; para la sustentabilidad ambiental cuatro indicadores y diez subindicadores y para la dimensión social cinco indicadores con seis subindicadores. De los resultados se puede verificar que las fincas arroceras de la zona de Babahoyo se agrupan en porcentaje similar en sistemas de producción: 38 % desarrollado (spd), 32 % medianamente desarrollado (spmd) y 30 % producción básica (spb). La selectividad y mejor control de malezas a los 20 y 40 días se obtuvo con la combinación de la mezcla pre emergente clomazone + bentiocarbo (0,85 + 4,0 l ha-1 ) con la post emergente bispiribac sodium + picloram + 2,4 d amina (0,4 + 0,7 l ha-1 ) y el mayor beneficio neto con $ 341,80, se registró con la mezcla de clomazone + butaclor (0,850 +1,4 l ha-1 ) y propanil + picloram + 2,4-D amina (2,3 + 0,4 l ha-1 ). Referente a la sustentabilidad, en la dimensión económica se identificó dificultades en la comercialización y fuentes de financiamiento. La dimensión ecológica mostró que los productores arroceros aplican gran cantidad de plaguicidas, no hay diversificación de la producción y la interferencia de las malezas es la principal problemática fitosanitaria en el cultivo, constituyéndose la producción de arroz bajo riego en la zona de Babahoyo como no sustentable con un valor de 1,76.
This research was carried out in the CEDEGE zone, Babahoyo, province Los Ríos, Ecuador, involving three stages. In the first, the characterization of farms that used an irrigated rice production system was carried out, selecting a population of 5133 Apus (agricultural production units), from which a significant sample of n = 104 was extracted, to carry out the survey to the producer, which included technical, economic, productive, ecological, environmental and socio-cultural aspects. In the second stage, the evaluation of the efficacy of herbicides in the irrigated rice production system was carried out, using the INDIA SFL 11 variety as planting material. This experimental work had 8 treatments and 4 repetitions of herbicide mixtures in pre-emergence and post-emergence, arranged in an Experimental Model of Randomized Complete Blocks, evaluating and comparing the treatment means, by using the Tukey test at 95 % probability. In the third and final stage, the values of the environmental, economic and social indicators were established, which determined the levels of sustainability of the irrigated rice production system, identifying three indicators and eight sub-indicators for the economic aspect; for environmental sustainability four indicators and ten sub-indicators and for the social dimension five indicators with six subindicators. From the results it can be verified that the rice farms in the Babahoyo area are grouped in similar percentages in production systems: 38% developed (spd), 32% moderately developed (spmd) and 30% basic production (spb). The selectivity and best weed control at 20 and 40 days was reported by the combination of the pre-emergent mixture clomazone + benthiocarb (0.85 + 4.0 l ha1 ) with the post-emergent bispyribac sodium + picloram + 2, 4-D amine (0.4 + 0.7 l ha1 ) and the highest net benefit with $ 341.80, was recorded with the mixture of clomazone + butachlor (0.850 +1.4 l ha1 ) and propanil + picloram + 2.4-D amine (2.3+0.4 l ha1 ). Regarding sustainability in the economic dimension, difficulties in marketing and sources of financing were identified. The ecological dimension showed that rice producers apply a large amount of pesticides, there is no diversification of production and weed interference is the main phytosanitary problem in the crop, making irrigated rice production in the Babahoyo area unsustainable with a value of 1.76.
This research was carried out in the CEDEGE zone, Babahoyo, province Los Ríos, Ecuador, involving three stages. In the first, the characterization of farms that used an irrigated rice production system was carried out, selecting a population of 5133 Apus (agricultural production units), from which a significant sample of n = 104 was extracted, to carry out the survey to the producer, which included technical, economic, productive, ecological, environmental and socio-cultural aspects. In the second stage, the evaluation of the efficacy of herbicides in the irrigated rice production system was carried out, using the INDIA SFL 11 variety as planting material. This experimental work had 8 treatments and 4 repetitions of herbicide mixtures in pre-emergence and post-emergence, arranged in an Experimental Model of Randomized Complete Blocks, evaluating and comparing the treatment means, by using the Tukey test at 95 % probability. In the third and final stage, the values of the environmental, economic and social indicators were established, which determined the levels of sustainability of the irrigated rice production system, identifying three indicators and eight sub-indicators for the economic aspect; for environmental sustainability four indicators and ten sub-indicators and for the social dimension five indicators with six subindicators. From the results it can be verified that the rice farms in the Babahoyo area are grouped in similar percentages in production systems: 38% developed (spd), 32% moderately developed (spmd) and 30% basic production (spb). The selectivity and best weed control at 20 and 40 days was reported by the combination of the pre-emergent mixture clomazone + benthiocarb (0.85 + 4.0 l ha1 ) with the post-emergent bispyribac sodium + picloram + 2, 4-D amine (0.4 + 0.7 l ha1 ) and the highest net benefit with $ 341.80, was recorded with the mixture of clomazone + butachlor (0.850 +1.4 l ha1 ) and propanil + picloram + 2.4-D amine (2.3+0.4 l ha1 ). Regarding sustainability in the economic dimension, difficulties in marketing and sources of financing were identified. The ecological dimension showed that rice producers apply a large amount of pesticides, there is no diversification of production and weed interference is the main phytosanitary problem in the crop, making irrigated rice production in the Babahoyo area unsustainable with a value of 1.76.
Enlace al repositorio: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/4878
Nota: Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Doctorado en Agricultura Sustentable
Disciplina académico-profesional: Agricultura Sustentable
Institución que otorga el grado o título: Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado
Grado o título: Doctoris Philosophiae - Agricultura Sustentable
Jurado: Julca Otiniano, Alberto; Soplín Villacorta, Hugo; Loli Figueroa, Oscar; Cedano Saavedra, Carolina Esther
Fecha de registro: 26-ago-2021
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