Citas bibligráficas
Napa, C., (2024). Aislamiento de levaduras nativas implicadas en el perfil sensorial de pisco puro italia y negra criolla [Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/6233
Napa, C., Aislamiento de levaduras nativas implicadas en el perfil sensorial de pisco puro italia y negra criolla []. PE: Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina; 2024. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/6233
@phdthesis{renati/244787,
title = "Aislamiento de levaduras nativas implicadas en el perfil sensorial de pisco puro italia y negra criolla",
author = "Napa Almeyda, César Augusto",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina",
year = "2024"
}
The identification of cultivable yeasts present on grape skins, along with the isolation of non-Saccharomyces fermentative species through an enrichment process, has allowed culture-based molecular techniques to uncover a diverse and complex yeast microbiota in the grape. Non-Saccharomyces yeast strains (NSYS) were isolated and identified from the skins of aromatic grape varieties Italia Pichia terricola (56 %), Metschnikowia pulcherrima (31 %) and Naganishia vaughanmartiniae (13 %), Metschnikowia pulcherrima (31 %) and Naganishia vaughanmartiniae (13 %) and from the skins of the non-aromatic grapes Negra Criolla Vishniacozyma carnescens (50 %), Vishniacozyma heimaeyensis (30 %) and Aureobasidium pullulans (20 %), some of which have been implicated in wine sensory quality. NSYS isolates showed differences in carbohydrate fermentation capacity, polygalacturonase activity, ethanol tolerance, sulphite production and nitrogen consumption. Significant differences were shown in the aroma compounds of Pisco made by spontaneous fermentation. Pisco made from harvested grapes showed differences in the content of aroma compounds. In Pisco Italia, high concentrations of terpenes such as citronellol, geraniol, linalool and nerol, and some ethyl esters were identified, which contribute sensory attributes including citrus notes, floral notes and honey. Likewise, high concentrations of phenylethyl alcohol and 1-hexanol were detected in Pisco Negra Criolla, with absences of terpenic compounds, with sensory attributes of dried fruits. In both Pisco Italia and Pisco Negra Criolla a high content of 1-hexanol and for the first-time benzyl alcohol was found. The effect of co-fermentation by NSYS on the growth dynamics of the species were inoculated at the beginning of the grape must fermentation process using a simplex-centroid mixture design with three components. The genera Naganishia and Pichiawere predominant in the Italia variety and Aureobasidium in the Negra Criolla variety. Monoinoculation showed a predominance of terpenes such as α-terpineol, citronerol and geraniol in Pisco Italia and a high content of phenylethyl alcohol and ethyl esters in Pisco Negra Criolla. The concentration of isoamyl alcohol was higher in the distillate obtained from non-inoculated grape must, which was significantly higher compared to other natural yeast blends. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) performed on the quantitative data of the 19 volatile compounds Italia and 13 volatile compounds Negra Criolla revealed that chemical differences may be sufficient to classify the NSYS blends according to their variety. Sensory evaluation showed that citrus, floral, alcoholic and syrupy descriptors were marked in the single-inoculated Italia Piscos, while herbaceous, spicy, herbal and cooked vegetable, descriptors along with a notable buttery descriptor, added complexity to the sensory profile of Negra Criolla Pisco. The potential of the NSYS isolate to improve the sensory properties of Pisco as a stater in the fermentation process deserves further study.
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