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Napa, C., (2024). Aislamiento de levaduras nativas implicadas en el perfil sensorial de pisco puro italia y negra criolla [Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/6233
Napa, C., Aislamiento de levaduras nativas implicadas en el perfil sensorial de pisco puro italia y negra criolla []. PE: Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina; 2024. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/6233
@phdthesis{renati/244787,
title = "Aislamiento de levaduras nativas implicadas en el perfil sensorial de pisco puro italia y negra criolla",
author = "Napa Almeyda, César Augusto",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina",
year = "2024"
}
Title: Aislamiento de levaduras nativas implicadas en el perfil sensorial de pisco puro italia y negra criolla
Authors(s): Napa Almeyda, César Augusto
Advisor(s): Condezo Hoyos, Luis Alberto; Silva Jaimes, Marcial Ibo
Keywords: Pisco uva italia
OCDE field: https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#2.11.01
Issue Date: 2024
Institution: Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina
Abstract: La identificación de levaduras cultivables presentes en la piel de las uvas, junto con el aislamiento de especies fermentativas no Saccharomyces mediante un proceso de enriquecimiento, ha permitido que las técnicas moleculares basadas en cultivos descubran una microbiota diversa y compleja de levaduras en la uva. Se aislaron e identificaron cepas de levadura no Saccharomyces (NSYS) (24 de la variedad Italia y 10 de la variedad Negra Criolla)del hollejo de las uvas aromáticas variedad Italia Pichia terricola (56 %), Metschnikowia pulcherrima (31 %) y Naganishia vaughanmartiniae (13 %) y del hollejo de las uvas no aromáticas Negra Criolla Vishniacozyma carnescens (50 %), Vishniacozyma heimaeyensis(30%) y Aureobasidium pullulans(20%), algunos de los cuales han sido implicados en la calidad sensorial del vino. NSYS aislado mostraron diferencia en capacidad de fermentación de carbohidratos, actividad de poligalacturonasa, tolerancia al etanol, producción de sulfitos y consumo de nitrógeno. Se mostraron diferencias significativas en los compuestos aromáticos del Pisco elaborado mediante fermentación espontánea. El Pisco elaborado a partir de uva recolectada mostró diferencia en el contenido de compuestos aromáticos. En el Pisco Italia se identificarón altas concentraciones de terpenos tales como citronelol, geraniol, linalol y nerol, y algunos ésteres etílicos, los cuales aportan atributos sensoriales que incluyen notas cítricas, notas florales y miel. Asimismo, en el Pisco Negra Criolla se detectarón altas concentraciones de alcohol de feniletilo, y 1-hexanol, con ausencias de compuestos terpenicos, con atributos sensoriales a frutos secos. Tanto en el Pisco Italia como en Pisco Negra Criolla se encontró un alto contenido de 1-hexanol y por primera vez de alcohol bencílico. El efecto de co-fermentación por NSYS en la dinámica de crecimiento de las especies, fueron inoculadas al inicio del proceso de fermentación del mosto de uva usando un diseño de mezcla simplex-centroide con tres componentes. Los géneros Naganishia y Pichia fueron predominantes en la variedad Italia y Aureobasidium en la variedad Negra Criolla. La monoinoculación mostró un predominio de terpenos como α-terpineol, citronerol y geraniol en el Pisco Italia y un alto contenido de alcohol feniletil y ésteres etílicos en el Pisco Negra Criolla. La concentración de alcohol isoamílico fue mayor en el destilado obtenido del mosto de uva no inoculado, que fue significativamente mayor en comparación con otras mezclas de levadura natural. Un Análisis de Componentes Principales (ACP) realizado sobre los datos cuantitativos de los 19 compuestos volátiles Italia y 13 compuesto volátiles Negra Criolla revelaron que las diferencias químicas pueden ser suficientes para clasificar las mezclas de NSYS según su variedad. La evaluación sensorial mostró que los descriptores cítricos, florales, alcohólicos y almíbar de eran marcados en los Piscos Italia de inoculación simple, mientras que los descriptores herbáceos, especiados, herbáceos y de vegetales cocidos, junto con un notable descriptor de mantequilla. Este último añadió una complejidad al perfil sensorial del Pisco Negra Criolla. El potencial del aislado NSYS para mejorar las propiedades sensoriales del Pisco como estater en el proceso de fermentación merece mayor estudio.
The identification of cultivable yeasts present on grape skins, along with the isolation of non-Saccharomyces fermentative species through an enrichment process, has allowed culture-based molecular techniques to uncover a diverse and complex yeast microbiota in the grape. Non-Saccharomyces yeast strains (NSYS) were isolated and identified from the skins of aromatic grape varieties Italia Pichia terricola (56 %), Metschnikowia pulcherrima (31 %) and Naganishia vaughanmartiniae (13 %), Metschnikowia pulcherrima (31 %) and Naganishia vaughanmartiniae (13 %) and from the skins of the non-aromatic grapes Negra Criolla Vishniacozyma carnescens (50 %), Vishniacozyma heimaeyensis (30 %) and Aureobasidium pullulans (20 %), some of which have been implicated in wine sensory quality. NSYS isolates showed differences in carbohydrate fermentation capacity, polygalacturonase activity, ethanol tolerance, sulphite production and nitrogen consumption. Significant differences were shown in the aroma compounds of Pisco made by spontaneous fermentation. Pisco made from harvested grapes showed differences in the content of aroma compounds. In Pisco Italia, high concentrations of terpenes such as citronellol, geraniol, linalool and nerol, and some ethyl esters were identified, which contribute sensory attributes including citrus notes, floral notes and honey. Likewise, high concentrations of phenylethyl alcohol and 1-hexanol were detected in Pisco Negra Criolla, with absences of terpenic compounds, with sensory attributes of dried fruits. In both Pisco Italia and Pisco Negra Criolla a high content of 1-hexanol and for the first-time benzyl alcohol was found. The effect of co-fermentation by NSYS on the growth dynamics of the species were inoculated at the beginning of the grape must fermentation process using a simplex-centroid mixture design with three components. The genera Naganishia and Pichiawere predominant in the Italia variety and Aureobasidium in the Negra Criolla variety. Monoinoculation showed a predominance of terpenes such as α-terpineol, citronerol and geraniol in Pisco Italia and a high content of phenylethyl alcohol and ethyl esters in Pisco Negra Criolla. The concentration of isoamyl alcohol was higher in the distillate obtained from non-inoculated grape must, which was significantly higher compared to other natural yeast blends. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) performed on the quantitative data of the 19 volatile compounds Italia and 13 volatile compounds Negra Criolla revealed that chemical differences may be sufficient to classify the NSYS blends according to their variety. Sensory evaluation showed that citrus, floral, alcoholic and syrupy descriptors were marked in the single-inoculated Italia Piscos, while herbaceous, spicy, herbal and cooked vegetable, descriptors along with a notable buttery descriptor, added complexity to the sensory profile of Negra Criolla Pisco. The potential of the NSYS isolate to improve the sensory properties of Pisco as a stater in the fermentation process deserves further study.
The identification of cultivable yeasts present on grape skins, along with the isolation of non-Saccharomyces fermentative species through an enrichment process, has allowed culture-based molecular techniques to uncover a diverse and complex yeast microbiota in the grape. Non-Saccharomyces yeast strains (NSYS) were isolated and identified from the skins of aromatic grape varieties Italia Pichia terricola (56 %), Metschnikowia pulcherrima (31 %) and Naganishia vaughanmartiniae (13 %), Metschnikowia pulcherrima (31 %) and Naganishia vaughanmartiniae (13 %) and from the skins of the non-aromatic grapes Negra Criolla Vishniacozyma carnescens (50 %), Vishniacozyma heimaeyensis (30 %) and Aureobasidium pullulans (20 %), some of which have been implicated in wine sensory quality. NSYS isolates showed differences in carbohydrate fermentation capacity, polygalacturonase activity, ethanol tolerance, sulphite production and nitrogen consumption. Significant differences were shown in the aroma compounds of Pisco made by spontaneous fermentation. Pisco made from harvested grapes showed differences in the content of aroma compounds. In Pisco Italia, high concentrations of terpenes such as citronellol, geraniol, linalool and nerol, and some ethyl esters were identified, which contribute sensory attributes including citrus notes, floral notes and honey. Likewise, high concentrations of phenylethyl alcohol and 1-hexanol were detected in Pisco Negra Criolla, with absences of terpenic compounds, with sensory attributes of dried fruits. In both Pisco Italia and Pisco Negra Criolla a high content of 1-hexanol and for the first-time benzyl alcohol was found. The effect of co-fermentation by NSYS on the growth dynamics of the species were inoculated at the beginning of the grape must fermentation process using a simplex-centroid mixture design with three components. The genera Naganishia and Pichiawere predominant in the Italia variety and Aureobasidium in the Negra Criolla variety. Monoinoculation showed a predominance of terpenes such as α-terpineol, citronerol and geraniol in Pisco Italia and a high content of phenylethyl alcohol and ethyl esters in Pisco Negra Criolla. The concentration of isoamyl alcohol was higher in the distillate obtained from non-inoculated grape must, which was significantly higher compared to other natural yeast blends. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) performed on the quantitative data of the 19 volatile compounds Italia and 13 volatile compounds Negra Criolla revealed that chemical differences may be sufficient to classify the NSYS blends according to their variety. Sensory evaluation showed that citrus, floral, alcoholic and syrupy descriptors were marked in the single-inoculated Italia Piscos, while herbaceous, spicy, herbal and cooked vegetable, descriptors along with a notable buttery descriptor, added complexity to the sensory profile of Negra Criolla Pisco. The potential of the NSYS isolate to improve the sensory properties of Pisco as a stater in the fermentation process deserves further study.
Link to repository: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/6233
Note: Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Doctorado en Ciencia de Alimentos
Discipline: Ciencia de Alimentos
Grade or title grantor: Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado
Grade or title: Doctoris Philosophiae - Ciencia de Alimentos
Juror: Morales Soriano, Eduardo Reynaldo; Baldeón Chamorro, Edwin Orlando; Chirinos Gallardo, Rosana Sonia; Saldaña Villa, Erick Manuel
Register date: 6-Feb-2024
This item is licensed under a Creative Commons License