Bibliographic citations
Flores, A., (2024). Redes neuronales convolucionales para la detección de billas de acero en fajas transportadoras de minerales [Tesis, Universidad de Ingeniería y Tecnología]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12815/368
Flores, A., Redes neuronales convolucionales para la detección de billas de acero en fajas transportadoras de minerales [Tesis]. PE: Universidad de Ingeniería y Tecnología; 2024. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12815/368
@mastersthesis{renati/231201,
title = "Redes neuronales convolucionales para la detección de billas de acero en fajas transportadoras de minerales",
author = "Flores Blas, Alvaro Efrain",
publisher = "Universidad de Ingeniería y Tecnología",
year = "2024"
}
Within the mineral treatment process, grinding becomes relevant, since the inputs used in this stage represent between 30 % and 50 % of the operational expense (OPEX) in a mining operation. The most expensive input is steel balls (grinding media), so the need arises to control its consumption. Steel balls are added to a conveyor belt using feeder equipment, which consists of inductive sensors that send electrical pulses to a programmable logic controller (PLC) to perform counting. However, because these sensors suffer from constant wear due to being close to the grinding media, deficiencies arise in detection and, therefore, in grinding media counting. The present work addresses the detection of steel balls through the analysis of the state of the art and the evaluation of convolutional neural networks as an alternative for detection and subsequent counting. The metrics used are mean average precision (mAP) and inference time. As a result, it was obtained that in terms of mAP (0.5:0.95) the two best performing neural networks are Yolo v5s and Faster R-CNN with 91.5 % and 73.1 %, respectively. However, in terms of inference time, it was obtained that Yolo v5s and SSD MobileNet v2 are the ones that get the best results with 13.5 and 33.7 ms, respectively. Subsequently, 2 models (Yolo v5s and SSD Mobilenet v2) were selected to count steel balls in a conveyor belt, which has the condition that its linear speed is constant. As a result, the error in grinding media counting is less than 0.5 %, which has the potential to save $25,000.00 monthly in grinding media consumption.
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