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Morales, S., (2017). Estrategias para desarrollar el pensamiento crítico en los estudiantes de primaria [Trabajo de investigación, Universidad Femenina del Sagrado Corazón]. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11955/385
Morales, S., Estrategias para desarrollar el pensamiento crítico en los estudiantes de primaria [Trabajo de investigación]. PE: Universidad Femenina del Sagrado Corazón; 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11955/385
@misc{renati/225602,
title = "Estrategias para desarrollar el pensamiento crítico en los estudiantes de primaria",
author = "Morales Calderón, Sandra Karina",
publisher = "Universidad Femenina del Sagrado Corazón",
year = "2017"
}
Title: Estrategias para desarrollar el pensamiento crítico en los estudiantes de primaria
Authors(s): Morales Calderón, Sandra Karina
Advisor(s): Portilla Candiotti, María Alexandra
Keywords: Estrategias educativas; Pensamiento crítico; Estudiante de primaria; Educación--Trabajo de investigación
OCDE field: https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#5.03.01
Issue Date: 2017
Institution: Universidad Femenina del Sagrado Corazón
Abstract: Uno de los objetivos de la Educación Básica es desarrollar capacidades, valores y actitudes que permitan al educando aprender a lo largo de toda su vida y, precisamente, una de las capacidades superiores más importantes que contribuyen con dicho objetivo es el tema al cual hace referencia el presente trabajo: el pensamiento crítico. La promoción del nivel de pensamiento crítico en los alumnos, va más allá del simple manejo y procesamiento de información, porque incentiva al estudiante a construir su propio conocimiento y está orientado hacia el logro de una comprensión profunda y a su vez significativa del contenido de aprendizaje, incide de manera positiva en el manejo de una serie de capacidades subordinadas y, sobre todo, porque desalienta el tipo de aprendizaje en el que el estudiante es un elemento pasivo. Es por ello, que resulta fundamental comprender qué es el pensamiento crítico y cuáles son las habilidades que lo conforman de modo que permita identificarlas y desarrollarlas. Durante los últimos años, la educación ha experimentado cambios: la enseñanza puramente memorística está dando paso a una que privilegia el pensamiento crítico, cuyo objetivo es que los alumnos desarrollen agudeza perceptiva, control emotivo, cuestionamiento analítico, entre otras cualidades. El reto de los educadores es formar y desarrollar personas críticas, autónomas, pensantes y productivas es por ello, que el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico se constituye en un conjunto de habilidades cognitivas y decisorias de gran importancia en la formación de los estudiantes del nivel primaria. El pensamiento crítico, hace parte de un conjunto de capacidades intelectuales de orden superior que se debe promover desde la escuela como son: análisis, síntesis, conceptualización, manejo de información, pensamiento sistémico, pensamiento crítico, investigación y meta cognición. Así la actitud que se espera del educador, es que trate de fomentar discusiones entre sus alumnos, exprese curiosidad y se involucre en la discusión en lugar de responder mecánicamente a los estudiantes, demuestre interés en entender las ideas y temas que se discuten, expresando apertura y honestidad, el maestro debe evitar aparecer como la única autoridad, como la única fuente de respuestas correctas y buscar medios para mantener claro el hilo de la discusión, evitar manipular la opinión de los estudiantes para imponer su propio punto de vista, fomentar un ambiente de confianza donde cada estudiante sea estimulado a pensar que tiene algo valioso que contribuir, que él será escuchado y que sus opiniones se tomarán en cuenta.
One of the targets of the basic education is to develop capacities, values and attitudes that allow the pupil to learn along all his/her life and, precisely, one of the most important capacities that contribute with the above-mentioned target it is the topic to which the present work refers: the critical thinking. The encouragement of the development in the level of critical thinking in the pupils, goes beyond the simple handling and prosecution of information, because it encourages the student to construct his/her own knowledge and it is faced towards the achievement of a deep comprehension and learning content, which affects in a positive way in the handling of a series of subordinated capacities and, especially, because it discourages the type of learning in which the student is a passive element. The fundamental comprehension that the critical thinking is based on are the skills that shape it so that it allows to find them and to develop them. Recently the education, has experienced changes: the purely memory centred education is being replaced by critical thinking, which targets the pupils developed perceptiveness, emotive control, analytical question, among other qualities. The challenge for the educators is to form and to develop a critical, autonomous, and productive person. That the development of the critical thinking is making up to. Offering a set of cognitive and decisive skills of considerable importance in the primary formation of the students of the level. The critical thinking, is part of a set of intellectual capacities of top order that it is necessary to promote from the school as they are: analysis, synthesis, conceptualization, handling of information, systemic thinking, investigation and goal cognition. In this way, the attitude from the educator, is that he/she tries to encourage discussions between his/her pupils to express curiosity instead of answering mechanically to the students. The teacher should demonstrate interest to understand the ideas and topics that are discussed, expressing opening and honesty, the teacher must avoid to appear like the only authority, like the only source of correct answers and to look for means to keep the thread of the discussion clear, to avoid manipulating the opinions of the students to impose his/her own point of view, to encourage an ambience of confidence where every student is stimulated to think that it is valuable to contribute. Also, that he will be listened to and that his/her opinions will be taken into consideration.
One of the targets of the basic education is to develop capacities, values and attitudes that allow the pupil to learn along all his/her life and, precisely, one of the most important capacities that contribute with the above-mentioned target it is the topic to which the present work refers: the critical thinking. The encouragement of the development in the level of critical thinking in the pupils, goes beyond the simple handling and prosecution of information, because it encourages the student to construct his/her own knowledge and it is faced towards the achievement of a deep comprehension and learning content, which affects in a positive way in the handling of a series of subordinated capacities and, especially, because it discourages the type of learning in which the student is a passive element. The fundamental comprehension that the critical thinking is based on are the skills that shape it so that it allows to find them and to develop them. Recently the education, has experienced changes: the purely memory centred education is being replaced by critical thinking, which targets the pupils developed perceptiveness, emotive control, analytical question, among other qualities. The challenge for the educators is to form and to develop a critical, autonomous, and productive person. That the development of the critical thinking is making up to. Offering a set of cognitive and decisive skills of considerable importance in the primary formation of the students of the level. The critical thinking, is part of a set of intellectual capacities of top order that it is necessary to promote from the school as they are: analysis, synthesis, conceptualization, handling of information, systemic thinking, investigation and goal cognition. In this way, the attitude from the educator, is that he/she tries to encourage discussions between his/her pupils to express curiosity instead of answering mechanically to the students. The teacher should demonstrate interest to understand the ideas and topics that are discussed, expressing opening and honesty, the teacher must avoid to appear like the only authority, like the only source of correct answers and to look for means to keep the thread of the discussion clear, to avoid manipulating the opinions of the students to impose his/her own point of view, to encourage an ambience of confidence where every student is stimulated to think that it is valuable to contribute. Also, that he will be listened to and that his/her opinions will be taken into consideration.
Link to repository: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11955/385
Discipline: Educación
Grade or title grantor: Universidad Femenina del Sagrado Corazón. Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación
Grade or title: Bachiller en Educación
Register date: 24-Jan-2018
This item is licensed under a Creative Commons License