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Vergara, Y., (2021). Riesgo en la práctica de posturas ergonómicas en profesionales de Odontología de Cusco 2020 [Universidad Andina del Cusco]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12557/4513
Vergara, Y., Riesgo en la práctica de posturas ergonómicas en profesionales de Odontología de Cusco 2020 []. PE: Universidad Andina del Cusco; 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12557/4513
@misc{renati/19252,
title = "Riesgo en la práctica de posturas ergonómicas en profesionales de Odontología de Cusco 2020",
author = "Vergara Ramos, Yelsy Shanelly",
publisher = "Universidad Andina del Cusco",
year = "2021"
}
Title: Riesgo en la práctica de posturas ergonómicas en profesionales de Odontología de Cusco 2020
Authors(s): Vergara Ramos, Yelsy Shanelly
Advisor(s): Alanya Ricalde, José Antonio
Keywords: Factores de riesgo; Riesgos posturales
OCDE field: https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.14
Issue Date: 16-Nov-2021
Institution: Universidad Andina del Cusco
Abstract: El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el riesgo relacionado a la
práctica de posturas ergonómicas en profesionales de Odontología de Cusco
2020, la muestra estuvo constituida por 334 profesionales de Odontología de la
Ciudad del Cusco en el año 2020, el muestreo fue probabilístico aleatorizado
simple. El estudio es de tipo no experimental, transversal, descriptivo, donde se
estableció el riesgo postural y los factores propuestos. Se realizó tres encuestas
donde incluía datos de filiación, cuestionario de factores biomecánicos y escala
de estrés laboral OIT-OMS las tres validadas por estudios previos, finalmente se
procedió al registro fotográfico de las posiciones de trabajo en consultorio
odontológico, esto fue realizado en varias sesiones de trabajo, posterior a las
tomas fotográficas se procedió al registro del método REBA. La muestra
analizada en su mayoría fue de varones con un 59.9% y mujeres 40.1%, de
acuerdo a los dos grupos analizados según el método REBA, la zona del grupo
A, que corresponde a tronco, cuello y espalda el que presenta mayor riesgo es
el cuello con riesgo valor 3 (Cuello con flexión o extensión de 0° a 20° y torsión
o inclinación lateral) en un 29% en el sexo masculino. Asimismo, en el grupo B,
que corresponde a brazo, antebrazo y muñeca el que presenta mayor riesgo es
la muñeca con un 59.9% que corresponde a todos los varones que presentan
valor 2 (muñecas >15° de flexión o valor 1 con torsión o desviación lateral +1).
Del mismo modo en el grupo A, el que presenta mayor riesgo es el Cuello en el
rango de edad de 31-40 años con 27.3% con el valor 3. En el grupo B, el mayor
riesgo se da en la muñeca con un 52.4% que corresponde a todos los del rango
de edad de 18- 30 años. En lo referente a factores ergonómicos biomecánicos
según sexo, se puede observar que los mayores valores se dan en los factores
de posturas forzadas en mujeres (87.3%), movimientos repetitivos en mujeres (81.3%), tiempo de exposición en mujeres (77.6%), manipulación de carga en
mujeres (79.9%). De acuerdo a la edad los mayores valores se dan en los
factores de posturas forzadas en 41-50 años (87.5%), movimientos repetitivos
en 18-30 años (80%), tiempo de exposición en 41-50 años (87.5%), manipulación
de carga en 41-50 años (75%). En lo referente a análisis de factores
psicosociales se tomó en cuenta el estrés laboral de acuerdo a sexo y edad;
donde se encontró un nivel medio de estrés en un 92.2% de los odontólogos, no
existiendo diferencias en el sexo y en la totalidad de rango de edad de 31-40 y
41-50 años, también se presenta el nivel medio de estrés. Finalmente, al análisis
de riesgo realizado por método REBA se determinó que el mayor porcentaje se
da en el riesgo medio 73.1%, no existen diferencias de riesgo en relación al sexo
y lo mismo para la edad (p>0.05). Como conclusión el riesgo relacionado a
posturas ergonómicas en odontólogos de la ciudad del Cusco es en su mayoría
medio y del mismo modo una cuarta parte de la muestra estudiada tiene un
riesgo alto relacionado a posturas ergonómicas.
The aim of this study was to determine the risk related to the practice of ergonomic postures in dental professionals in Cusco 2020, the sample consisted of 334 dental professionals in the city of Cusco in the year 2020, the sampling was simple randomized probability sampling. The study was non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive, where the postural risk and the proposed factors were established. Three surveys were carried out, which included data on affiliation, a questionnaire of biomechanical factors and an ILO-WHO work stress scale, all three validated by previous studies. The majority of the sample analyzed was male (59.9%) and female (40.1%). According to the two groups analyzed according to the REBA method, the area of group A, which corresponds to the trunk, neck and back, the highest risk is the neck with risk value 3 (Neck with flexion or extension from 0° to 20° and torsion or lateral inclination) in 29% of the male sex. Likewise, in group B, which corresponds to the arm, forearm and wrist, the highest risk is the wrist with 59.9%, corresponding to all males who present value 2 (wrists >15° of flexion or value 1 with torsion or lateral deviation +1). Similarly in group A, the highest risk is the neck in the age range of 31-40 years with 27.3% with value 3. In group B the highest risk is in the wrist with 52.4% corresponding to all those in the age range of 18-30 years. Regarding biomechanical ergonomic factors according to sex, it can be observed that the highest values are given in the factors of forced postures in women (87.3%), repetitive movements in women (81.3%), exposure time in women (77.6%), load handling in women (79.9%). According to age, the highest values are given in the factors of forced postures in 41-50 years (87.5%), repetitive movements in 18-30 years (80%), exposure time in 41-50 years (87.5%), load handling in 41-50 years (75%). Regarding the analysis of psychosocial factors, occupational stress was taken into account according to sex and age. A medium level of stress was found in 92.2% of the dentists, with no differences in sex, and in the entire age range of 31-40 and 41-50 years, there was also a medium level of stress. Finally, the risk analysis carried out by the REBA method showed that the highest percentage was in the medium risk 73.1%, there were no differences in risk in relation to sex and the same for age (p>0.05). In conclusion, the risk related to ergonomic postures in dentists in the city of Cusco is mostly medium and likewise a quarter of the sample studied has a high risk related to ergonomic postures.
The aim of this study was to determine the risk related to the practice of ergonomic postures in dental professionals in Cusco 2020, the sample consisted of 334 dental professionals in the city of Cusco in the year 2020, the sampling was simple randomized probability sampling. The study was non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive, where the postural risk and the proposed factors were established. Three surveys were carried out, which included data on affiliation, a questionnaire of biomechanical factors and an ILO-WHO work stress scale, all three validated by previous studies. The majority of the sample analyzed was male (59.9%) and female (40.1%). According to the two groups analyzed according to the REBA method, the area of group A, which corresponds to the trunk, neck and back, the highest risk is the neck with risk value 3 (Neck with flexion or extension from 0° to 20° and torsion or lateral inclination) in 29% of the male sex. Likewise, in group B, which corresponds to the arm, forearm and wrist, the highest risk is the wrist with 59.9%, corresponding to all males who present value 2 (wrists >15° of flexion or value 1 with torsion or lateral deviation +1). Similarly in group A, the highest risk is the neck in the age range of 31-40 years with 27.3% with value 3. In group B the highest risk is in the wrist with 52.4% corresponding to all those in the age range of 18-30 years. Regarding biomechanical ergonomic factors according to sex, it can be observed that the highest values are given in the factors of forced postures in women (87.3%), repetitive movements in women (81.3%), exposure time in women (77.6%), load handling in women (79.9%). According to age, the highest values are given in the factors of forced postures in 41-50 years (87.5%), repetitive movements in 18-30 years (80%), exposure time in 41-50 years (87.5%), load handling in 41-50 years (75%). Regarding the analysis of psychosocial factors, occupational stress was taken into account according to sex and age. A medium level of stress was found in 92.2% of the dentists, with no differences in sex, and in the entire age range of 31-40 and 41-50 years, there was also a medium level of stress. Finally, the risk analysis carried out by the REBA method showed that the highest percentage was in the medium risk 73.1%, there were no differences in risk in relation to sex and the same for age (p>0.05). In conclusion, the risk related to ergonomic postures in dentists in the city of Cusco is mostly medium and likewise a quarter of the sample studied has a high risk related to ergonomic postures.
Link to repository: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12557/4513
Discipline: Estomatología
Grade or title grantor: Universidad Andina del Cusco. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Grade or title: Cirujana Dentista
Juror: Gutierrez Acuña, Yeni; Valer Contreras, Aida; Malpartida Caviedes, Annushka
Register date: 8-Apr-2022
This item is licensed under a Creative Commons License