Prevalencia de depresión en un grupo de usuarias de una ONG orientada a adolescentes de Loreto – 2018

Abstract

Hoy en día la Explotación Sexual de Niños, Niñas y adolescentes constituye una forma moderna de Esclavitud que viene creciendo a nivel mundial. Es una de las problemáticas que compromete seriamente el derecho de los niños, niñas y adolescentes a disfrutar de su infancia, así como de llevar una vida digna: Puede tener consecuencias graves, permanentes y hasta fatales en el niño, niña y adolescente y el bienestar y desarrollo físico, psicológico, emocional y social. Esta situación además pude llevar a la víctima a pasar por un trastorno mental afectando a un gran porcentaje de la población, la depresión y entre otros trastornos se asocian a enfermedades físicas, de tal modo nace la inquietud por medir el nivel de depresión en mujeres que fueron víctimas de situación de explotación sexual. Para lograr los objetivos del proyecto se coordinó con el personal encargado (Coordinadora Regional), y a través de una carta de consentimiento se le explico a cada entrevistado en que consiste el cuestionario. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar los niveles de depresión de las beneficiarias de la (ONG) atendidos en el Centro de Referencia (local protegido donde se realiza la intervención y se brinda los servicios a los beneficiarios), en los meses de setiembre y octubre del 2017. Para ello se utilizó Cuestionario de Auto-Evaluación de la Ansiedad – Depresión (EAA). De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos; la edad de mayor frecuencia es de 17 años con un 31.6, %, (ver tabla n°1) Así mismo en los niveles de depresión, se obtuvo que las beneficiarias, presentan una depresión leve a moderada (12) y moderada a intensa (12) con un 31.6% en ambas, de igual manera en los niveles de relaciones vinculares positivas el 68,4%, (ver tabla n°2) presentan un nivel muy bajo (26), en cuanto a la promoción de derechos el 63,2 presentan un nivel muy bajo (24). Cabe mencionar que la muestra estuvo formada por 38 beneficiarias del proyecto “Prevención de Explotación Sexual de Niños, Niñas y Adolescentes de la Provincia de Maynas”, entre las edades de 12 a 17 años, quienes han sido encuestadas en sus domicilios; para el cumplimiento de la muestra y los criterios de inclusión. Las encuestas fueron aplicadas en su totalidad entre los meses de setiembre y octubre del 2018

SUMMARY Nowadays the child and adolescent’s sexual exploitation constitutes a modern form of slavery that is becoming in one of the problems seriously compromises the right of children and adolescents to enjoy a childhood, as well as leading a dignified life: it can have serious, permanent and even fatal consequences on well-being and physical, psychological, emotional and social development. This situation could also lead the victim to go through a mental disorder affecting a large percentage of the population, depression and other disorders are associated with physical illness. So, it is necessary to measure the level of depression in women who were victims of sexual exploitation, specifically the NGO, Alternative Human and Social Capital. The present project is coordinated with the staff in charge (Regional Coordinator), and a letter of consent is explained to each interviewee in which the questionnaire consists. The present research aims to identify the levels of depression of the beneficiaries of Alternative Human and Social Capital (NGOs) attended at the Reference Center in September 2017. Anxiety Self-Assessment Questionnaire (EAA), Manual and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale - Wikipedia - EAA index. therefore, the age of greatest frequency is 17 years with 31.6%, also in the levels of depression, they present a mild to moderate (12) and moderate to intense depression (12) with a 31.6% in both, in the same way the levels of positive relationships, 68.4% present a level very low (26), in terms of the promotion of rights 63.2 present a very low level (24). It is important mentioning that the sample consisted of 38 female participants, who ranged from 12 to 17 years old and were surveyed in their homes; said sample met the inclusion criteria. The surveys were applied in their entirety between the months of September and October 2018.

Nowadays the child and adolescent’s sexual exploitation constitutes a modern form of slavery that is becoming in one of the problems seriously compromises the right of children and adolescents to enjoy a childhood, as well as leading a dignified life: it can have serious, permanent and even fatal consequences on well-being and physical, psychological, emotional and social development. This situation could also lead the victim to go through a mental disorder affecting a large percentage of the population, depression and other disorders are associated with physical illness. So, it is necessary to measure the level of depression in women who were victims of sexual exploitation, specifically the NGO, Alternative Human and Social Capital. The present project is coordinated with the staff in charge (Regional Coordinator), and a letter of consent is explained to each interviewee in which the questionnaire consists. The present research aims to identify the levels of depression of the beneficiaries of Alternative Human and Social Capital (NGOs) attended at the Reference Center in September 2017. Anxiety SelfAssessment Questionnaire (EAA), Manual and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale - Wikipedia - EAA index. The refore, the age of greatest frequency is 17 years with 31.6%, also in the levels of depression, they present a mild to moderate (12) and moderate to intense depression (12) with a 31.6% in both, in the same way the levels of positive relationships, 68.4% present a level very low (26), in terms of the promotion of rights 63.2 present a very low level (24). It is important mentioning that the sample consisted of 38 female participants, who ranged from 12 to 17 years old and were surveyed in their homes; said sample met the inclusion criteria. The surveys were applied in their entirety between the months of September and October 2018.