Bibliographic citations
Avelino, K., (2024). Factores de contaminación y riesgo ecológico potencial de contaminantes asociados a derrames de petróleo en cuencas hidrográficas de la Amazonía peruana [Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú]. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/29112
Avelino, K., Factores de contaminación y riesgo ecológico potencial de contaminantes asociados a derrames de petróleo en cuencas hidrográficas de la Amazonía peruana []. PE: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú; 2024. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/29112
@misc{renati/1656760,
title = "Factores de contaminación y riesgo ecológico potencial de contaminantes asociados a derrames de petróleo en cuencas hidrográficas de la Amazonía peruana",
author = "Avelino Camones, Kevin Maikol",
publisher = "Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú",
year = "2024"
}
The Peruvian Amazon is a region that holds large quantities of freshwater within national territory, in addition to being a significant oil reserve. However, the ongoing expansion of the oil industry and the occasional oil spills it causes have sparked great concern about the pollution it generates in various environmental compartments, particularly the aquatic component. The present study aims to assess the potential ecological risk and contamination factors in the main river basins affected by oil spills within the Peruvian Amazon over a 12-year period (2011- 2022). Through a quantitative, non-experimental approach and the analysis of public information obtained from the Environmental Evaluation and Enforcement Agency (OEFA) and the Watershed Viewer (ANA, 2023), the most affected basins by oil spills in Loreto, the focus of the study, were initially identified through a process of oil spill characterization. Subsequently, contamination factor (CF) and potential ecological risk index (PERI) values were derived from the concentrations of oil-related pollutants such as total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), oils and fats, lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg). Of these, only Pb and Hg could be assigned PERI values due to the methodological limitations outlined. The results revealed that the most affected river basins by oil spills are Pastaza, Tigre, Medio Marañón Interbasin, and Medio - Bajo Marañón Interbasin, where the potential ecological risk was mostly classified as low for the heavy metals assessed (Pb and Hg). However, contamination factors were high for all pollutants, particularly when considering Peruvian national regulations in the calculation of these parameters. Finally, these findings suggest prioritizing further scientific exploration focused on analyzing the aquatic component of the Peruvian Amazon affected by oil spills. Additionally, they call for the development of remediation strategies to counteract the negative impacts of these accidents, considering their similarity to the Peruvian Amazonian environment. The study recommends bioremediation as a potential remediation method with high application potential, given its success in Amazonian environments.
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