Citas bibligráficas
Orellana, J., (2023). Trébol blanco (Trifolium repens) y roca fosfatada como estrategia de mejora del valor nutritivo de las praderas altoandinas [Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/5972
Orellana, J., Trébol blanco (Trifolium repens) y roca fosfatada como estrategia de mejora del valor nutritivo de las praderas altoandinas []. PE: Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina; 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/5972
@phdthesis{renati/1116347,
title = "Trébol blanco (Trifolium repens) y roca fosfatada como estrategia de mejora del valor nutritivo de las praderas altoandinas",
author = "Orellana Chirinos, Javier Angel",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina",
year = "2023"
}
The introduction of exotic legumes in natural grasslands improves the quality of the forage supply but requires adequate agronomic management to avoid that the legume proportion exceeds certain limits beyond which the integrity of the natural ecosystem is affected. The objective was to determine the dynamics of the introduction of white clover (Trifolium repens) in regular condition grasslands dominated by Festuca dolichophylla and Calamagrostis vicunarum and the influence of sowing density and phosphate fertilization on the balance of the grass-legume association, a strategy used to improve the productivity and quality of natural grasslands. This study had two experiments: (1) Effect of density and dosage of phosphate rock on the behavior of white clover introduced in native prairie, during two years, from the percentages of emergence, survival, dry matter yield, nitrogen (percent), phosphorus (percent) of the aerial and root portion of white clover, crude protein of the dominant native species and relative cover of white clover (2) Forage yield and diet similarity by sheep grazing on the white clover - native grassland association of regular condition, dominated by Festuca dolichophylla and Calamagrostis vicunarum. The experimental area was a humid altimontane grassland 4 200 m.a.s.l) located in the Huancavelica Region. The design for the first experiment was a complete randomized design with a 3x2 factorial arrangement, three doses of rock phosphate (0, 15 and 30 grams per hole) and two planting densities (20 and 40 seeds per hole). The experimental design of the second experiment was a randomized complete block design with three treatments, the first treatment natural grassland, the second treatment natural grassland plus white clover (40 seeds per hole) and the third treatment natural grassland plus white clover (40 seeds per hole) and rock phosphate (30 grams per hole), the second and third treatments were chosen because they had the highest seeding density and the highest dose of rock phosphate in the first experiment. The best response to fertilization in terms of emergence, survival, dry matter yield of the aerial and root portion of white clover, as well as plant cover, was achieved with the dose of 15 g of rock phosphate per hole. The sowing density with which the best results were obtained in terms of dry matter content of the aerial and root portion and percentage cover of clover in the native prairie was 20 seeds per hole. The patterns of white clover cover varied with the season, with higher proportions in the rainy season than in the dry season, observing an increase in the presence of clover over the years, which did not exceed on average the recommended ratio of leguminous grass to legume. The first trial was carried out in the closed season and without grazing, a determining factor in the grass-legume balance. It is recommended to examine the possible interactions of prescribed grazing, fertilization, spacing, planting density on the grass-legume balance. The introduction of white clover (40 seeds/hole) and phosphate fertilization of (30 grams per hole), improved dry matter yield from 2 626.80 (kg DM/ha) native grassland only, to 2 762.78 (kg DM/ha) with the introduction of white clover and 3 207.77 (kg DM/ha) with the introduction of white clover plus phosphate rock and protein percentage from 10 percent, native grassland only, to 17. 2 percent, with introduction of white clover and 17.5 percent, with introduction of white clover plus rock phosphate, the increases in dry matter and protein could contribute to meeting the maintenance requirements, optimum production, and prevention of nutritional deficiency symptoms of the sheep species. The composition of the sheep's diet in terms of clover and natural grass was closely related to the botanical composition of the pasture, revealing that the animals consumed significant amounts of white clover when it increased.
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