Citas bibligráficas
Apaza, W., (2000). Etiología de la pudrición basal de bulbos de cebolla en Arequipa, control y reacción varietal. [Tesis, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/1776
Apaza, W., Etiología de la pudrición basal de bulbos de cebolla en Arequipa, control y reacción varietal. [Tesis]. : Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina; 2000. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/1776
@mastersthesis{renati/1113657,
title = "Etiología de la pudrición basal de bulbos de cebolla en Arequipa, control y reacción varietal.",
author = "Apaza Tapia, Walter Eduardo",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina",
year = "2000"
}
Some onion plants with basal plate rot and necrotic leaves symptoms were taken from three areas of Arequipa department (Tiabaya, El Cural and Sachaca). The samples were analyzed by wet chamber, Potato - Dextrosa - Agar (PDA) and Pimaricin-Ampicilin-Rifampicin (PAR) media. The fungus Fusarium oxysporum was isolated and identified. With this isolate many hosts such as onion, garlic, melon, cauliflower and cotton were inoculated with the fungus. Only onion and garlic developed symptoms, therefore the pathogen was identified as Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae. Two methods of inoculation of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. were tested: a) Inoculating the pathogen in wheat to the sterile soil and b) Punture ofbasal plate and plant immersion in a conidial solution. The best method was pw1ture of basal plate and immersion. Nine densities of inoculums were tested, where 105 conidias per millimeter were the best result. The food poisoned PDA media test was made with the isolate of F. oxysporum. The Jungicides tested were: Fosetil Aluminio, Benomil, Blasticidina, Metil Tiofanato, Cimoxanil, Tebuconazol, Carbendazim, Isoprotiolane, Imazalil, Kasugamicina, Flutolanil, Propamocarb, Metalaxil, Fenarimol, Miclobutanil, Tiabendezol y Propiconazol. All the fungicides were tested with the dosage of 0.1 %. Benomil, Tiabendazol, Metil Tiofanatom Carbendazim, Tebuconazol and Imazalil had a 100% inhibition of micelial grow. All of them were chosen for the greenhouse testing. In greenhouse, 45 days old plants were inoculated by the method of basal plate puncture, then they were treated with the fungicides chosen in the in-vitro test. The best control was made by Benomil, Tiabendazol, Metil tiofanato. 22 onion cultivars were evaluated. AII of them were inoculated with the basal plate puncture method with a concentration of 105 conidias/ml. The cultivars evaluated were: XPH6700, Columbia 15179, Atena, AG33, Granex 33, Granex 429, RG-ER 074, Mercedes, RCR 1919, TG438, Mr. Max, PSR 1190, Sweet Dude, Río Enrique, Linda Vista, Lara, Sweet Sunrise, Hybrid Onion Rojo, XPH 6712, Roja Arequipeña, Red Bone and Red Fano. Atena was slightly susceptible. XPH6700, TG438, AG33, Roja Arequipeña and Granex 33 were intermediately susceptible. All ofthe rest cultivars were susceptible. The effect of four following organic amendments was evaluated: cow manure, cereal dry canopy, compost and worm humus. Each amendment was tested also in combination with Trichoderma viride. Two methods of inoculation were tested, F. oxysporum grown in wheat added to the sterile soil and inoculated by puncture on the basal plate. The amendments that inhibited F oxysporum were worm humus and compost. Both showed a positive interaction effect with T viride. The control of F. oxysporum to T viride depended on the kind of amendment. The best control was obtained when F. oxysporum was inoculated to the soil. T viride induced a stimulation of root growth when used in combination with worm humus and compost.
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