Bibliographic citations
Mejía, R., (2020). Sostenibilidad de las unidades de producción de kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus L.) en las provincias de Yungay, Huaylas y Carhuaz, Ancash [Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/4295
Mejía, R., Sostenibilidad de las unidades de producción de kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus L.) en las provincias de Yungay, Huaylas y Carhuaz, Ancash []. PE: Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina; 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12996/4295
@phdthesis{renati/961003,
title = "Sostenibilidad de las unidades de producción de kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus L.) en las provincias de Yungay, Huaylas y Carhuaz, Ancash",
author = "Mejía Valvas, Rhodes Leopoldo",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina",
year = "2020"
}
Kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus L) is an important crop, still underutilized, with nutritional and economic value and whose revaluation begins in the 80s, beginning its reintroduction to the agricultural systems of the highland of Peru. The present work had three objectives: (i) to make a diagnosis of the characteristics of the small-scale production systems of kiwicha in the provinces of Yungay Huaylas and Carhuaz, Ancash region; (ii) to evaluate the agronomic behavior and quality of three varieties of kiwicha (Oscar Blanco, Centenario and Caracino) with three levels of fertilization (iii) to determine the general index of economic, environmental and social sustainability using statistical techniques of multicriteria analysis. The information for objective 1 was obtained from primary (surveys, interviews) and secondary sources and analyzed by grouping qualitative and quantitative variables, and using statistical techniques and multidimensional analysis. For objective 2, the response of varieties and fertilization levels was studied with the Randomized Complete Block Design (DBCA) with a factorial arrangement and four repetitions. For the sustainability analysis it was used a multidimensional analysis method, 10 indicators and 24 sub-indicators, which were grouped in the economic, environmental and social dimension. Three types of producers were identified: smallholders who have an average of 0.42 ha and manage 0.14 ha of kiwicha as a main crop and 0.17 ha secondary crop; small producers own 0.53 ha and plant an area of 0.30 ha of kiwicha with an average of 0.43 ha as a secondary crop and medium producers who own an average of 6.13 ha and cultivate 1.87 ha of kiwicha ; they also handle 0.63 ha as a secondary crop.The monthly net income of medium-sized producers reaches PEN 493.50, higher than that of small and smallholder farmers who obtain monthly net income from PEN. 178.47 and PEN 130.20 respectively. In the study of levels of fertilization, and varieties, the observed values, in general, do not differ significantly both in dose and variety levels. The highest values for yield equal to 2235.12 kg ha-1 ha were found in the 120-100-80 dose of NPK. The three varieties planted, on average fertilizer levels, have similar yields Caracino with 2208.3 kg ha-1, Centenario with 2196.4 and Oscar Blanco with 1933.3 kg ha-1. The Oscar Blanco variety stands out for its higher grain protein content equal to 15.39. In the sustainability analysis, in the economic dimension, the media of the Economic Indicators (IK) for the communities of Mato, Pariahuanca, Santa Cruz, Tinco and Yungay reached the following values 2.05, 1.84, 2.50, 2.10 and 2.02, respectively and were lower than the Minimum Sustainability Threshold (UM) scale. The media of the environmental indicators (AI) for the same communities were 2.69, 2.37, 3.09, 2.56 and 2.33 and only in the community of Santa Cruz did it exceed the minimum threshold. In the social indicator (IS), the media for the communities of Mato, Pariahuanca, Santa Cruz and Tinco were equal to 2.80, 284, 2.93, and 2.80 and only in Yungay was slightly higher than the minimum threshold with 3.03. The values of the General Sustainability Index (ISG) were 2.51, 2.35 and 2.84, 2.49 and 2.46 for the communities of Mato, Pariahuanca, Santa Cruz, Yungay and Tinco; respectively and showed that the agricultural units that include kiwicha in their cultivation plan are not sustainable in the five communities mentioned above for the present study.
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