Bibliographic citations
Canta, J., Carpio, K. (2024). Ocurrencia de sepsis neonatal tardía en una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales de tercer nivel en Perú: análisis de sobrevida [Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/15182
Canta, J., Carpio, K. Ocurrencia de sepsis neonatal tardía en una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales de tercer nivel en Perú: análisis de sobrevida []. PE: Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia; 2024. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/15182
@misc{renati/911205,
title = "Ocurrencia de sepsis neonatal tardía en una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales de tercer nivel en Perú: análisis de sobrevida",
author = "Carpio Castro, Kenia Pamela",
publisher = "Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia",
year = "2024"
}
Background: Neonatal sepsis is the third cause of neonatal death in the world. A global multicenter study made by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IMHE) determined that between 10% to 25% of premature infants admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) will develop late-onset neonatal sepsis (LOS). Peru does not have previous reports that analyse the risk of acquiring this entity during hospitalization in a NICU. This information would provide a baseline for future interventions and research to improve the quality of health care. Objectives: To determine the time taken to develop the first episode of late-onset sepsis in the NICU of the Hospital Cayetano Heredia (HCH). To determine the instantaneous risk of late-onset sepsis in very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates and the others, according to previous exposure to antibiotic therapy for early neonatal sepsis (EOS) and number of catheter days per type of catheter, these are: umbilical catheters of insertion venous (UVC) and arterial (UAC), and the peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). Materials and methods: Single retrospective cohort, between July-2021 and June-2022, involving neonates treated in the NICU of HCH, Lima, Peru who did not have a diagnosis of LOS upon admission. The time taken to develop LOS after admission to the NICU was analysed overall and according to relevant clinical-epidemiological risk factors, using survival analysis. Results: We included 314 neonates; the incidence of LOS was 14.65%. The survival analysis revealed that 25% of neonates admitted to the NICU of HCH will develop LOS within the first 9 days of hospitalization. The time to LOS-free survival varies according to neonatal characteristics: 25% of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) neonates develop LOS within the first 5 days of hospitalization, VLBW at 7 days and those over 1500 g in the first 14 days. Previous exposure to antibiotic therapy for EOS is associated with shorter LOS-free time from the 8th to 9th day; however, upon multivariate analysis, it loses statistical significance [HR: 1.77; CI(95%): 0.97-3.20]. The use of at least one catheter for 48 hours reduces the time to onset of LOS (p<0.001). The median survival time using UAC/UVC is 5 days, whereas for PICC, it is 3 times longer (14 days). Not using a catheter increases the probability of LOS-free survival to over 80%. The hazard risk of LOS in VLBW is 4.01 times higher [HR: 4.01; CI(95%): 1.85-8.72] compared with the others. The use of UAC presents a significant hazard risk [HR: 1.18; CI(95%): 1.02-1.37], implying an 18% increase in the risk of developing STAR compared to the previous day. Conclusions: 25% of neonates admitted to the NICU of HCH developed LOS within the first 9 days of hospitalization. The use of UAC was associated with a significantly higher risk of LOS; for each additional day of use, the risk of developing LOS increases by an average of 18% (between 2% and 37%), although the risk did not reach statistical significance with other catheters. Neonates with a birth weight less than 1500 g have an instantaneous risk of developing LOS 4 times higher than neonates with a birth weight of 1500 g or more.
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