Bibliographic citations
Barragán, B., (2021). Determinación de porcentaje de grasa corporal en etnia indígena, mestiza, y afro ecuatoriana de 20 a 45 años y su relación con el IMC y el índice cintura estatura [Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/9543
Barragán, B., Determinación de porcentaje de grasa corporal en etnia indígena, mestiza, y afro ecuatoriana de 20 a 45 años y su relación con el IMC y el índice cintura estatura []. PE: Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia; 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/9543
@mastersthesis{renati/909928,
title = "Determinación de porcentaje de grasa corporal en etnia indígena, mestiza, y afro ecuatoriana de 20 a 45 años y su relación con el IMC y el índice cintura estatura",
author = "Barragán García, Brenda Katheryne",
publisher = "Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia",
year = "2021"
}
Anthropometric studies make it possible to evaluate the health status of the population and determine if there is any nutritional alteration and to make decisions at the population level in terms of public health. These easily measured indexes also make it possible to determine whether there is a relationship and association with risk factors such as metabolic syndrome or cardiovascular diseases in different ethnic groups. The objective of the study is to determine the body fat percentage in Indigenous, Mestizo, and Afro-Ecuadorian ethnic groups from 20 to 45 years of age and to explore its relationship with BMI and Waist Height Ratio (WHR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was analytical, in which 241 people were studied (81 Afro-Ecuadorians, 80 mestizos, and 80 indigenous), out of which, the majority of the sample corresponded to the female gender with 62.4%. Anthropometric measurements (weight, height, BMI, and waist circumference) were taken of the people representing each ethnic group, using a portable height rod, a Seca anthropometric tape, and an OMRON HBF 514c bioimpedance scale. In addition, a general data questionnaire, a food consumption scoring questionnaire, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) survey were applied to determine the level of physical activity. The data processing and analysis were done with the statistical program SPSS 19 considering variable distributions, and cross-correlations between variables. A simple frequency analysis was performed for categorical variables and central tendency measures for numerical variables. A Shapiro Wilk test was carried out to demonstrate the normality of the variables. RESULTS: Of the total sample studied, it was found that 56% presented very high total body fat, followed by a 21.2% with high total body fat and a 19.9% with normal total body fat. The tukey test at 5% detected that the highest value of total body fat was obtained by the Afro-Ecuadorian ethnic group, while the lowest value was obtained by the mestizo ethnic group. As for BMI, 39% of the sample was overweight, followed by a 35.3% with normal BMI, 21.2% with obesity degree 1, while 2 and 2.5% had obesity degree 2 and 3 respectively. The tukey test at 5% detected 2 ranges of significance, the indigenous ethnic group with the highest value, 28.4 kg/m2 of BMI, and the lowest value for the mestizo group with 26.3 kg/m2 of BMI. As for the WH Ratio, 85.1% of the sample presented high levels of cardiovascular risk, the 3 ethnic groups presented high values of cardiovascular risk with values between 76% to 100%. The tukey test at 5% detected two ranges of statistical significance, placing in the first place the indigenous ethnic group with 0.64 WH Ratio, and in second place the mestizo and Afro-Ecuadorian group with values of 0.55 and 0.56. The percentage of total fat, BMI and WHR exhibited high correlations between 0.6 and 0.8. In linear regression, high-valued determination coefficients were obtained for total fat and muscle percentage, and for BMI with WHR. CONCLUSIONS: The parameters of total body fat percentage, body mass index and waist/height ratio, have high and direct correlation coefficients, this would allow us to associate estimations of the evaluated parameters, i.e., the higher the body mass index is, the higher total body fat percentage and waist/height ratio the patient will have. This trend was presented within the three ethnic groups, where high and direct correlations were observed in these parameters. The high and direct correlation between the parameters total percentage of body fat, body mass index (BMI) and waist/height ratio (WHR) of the group studied, identifies that the indigenous ethnic group are the ones with the highest risk of developing a cardiovascular disease.
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