Bibliographic citations
Alejos, A., (2021). Diseño confiable de engranajes planetarios rectos de reductores normalizados basado en el método de los elementos finitos para su fabricación nacional y reducir costos [Tesis, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería]. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/22184
Alejos, A., Diseño confiable de engranajes planetarios rectos de reductores normalizados basado en el método de los elementos finitos para su fabricación nacional y reducir costos [Tesis]. PE: Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería; 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/22184
@misc{renati/711695,
title = "Diseño confiable de engranajes planetarios rectos de reductores normalizados basado en el método de los elementos finitos para su fabricación nacional y reducir costos",
author = "Alejos Manrique, Alexander Humberto",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería",
year = "2021"
}
In the mechanized drilling of vertical and inclined tunnels for underground ventilation and/or production, as well as for pipes in hydroelectric power plants, machines with compact reducers such as planetary spur gears are required. As a matter of fact, there are programs of mechanical design that make calculations according to technical standards, letting the user interpret the results. These users are usually original equipment manufacturers that finally define gears based on their successful designs, at the lowest possible costs. The company Tumi Contractors Mineros has raise boring machines with planetary spur gears and a problem they have is the extra cost of buying the planetary gears as spare parts from its supplier in Colorado, USA. It is proposed to develop a reliable design of these gears by means of critical indicators for their national production and to achieve a reduction in the maintenance costs of these machines with respect to the manufacture of gears abroad, based on standardized reducers of the machines with satisfactory performance. Four planetary spur gears standardized by AGMA were studied. These gears belong to raise boring machines, manufactured in the 1970 – 1980’s, that are still drilling with the respective maintenance, without the need of redesign. The developed case study has more than 50 000 hours of service without replacement of gears. By using technical standards and available information, a methodology was elaborated for the approach to solving maximum loads based on successful designs. According to the mechanism of failure by contact between spur gears described in the manual of Dudley, extended by Radzevich (2016), in normal service conditions, we determine due to maintenance and costs that the critical gear is the sun pinion because of being the driver and fastest to replace, having the less pitch diameter. By the end of its life, it fails by contact fatigue rather than bending fatigue, commonly showing pitting. Based on the method of Savage et al. (1981) and AGMA 901-A92 (2020), the design starts by selecting the module and maximum number of teeth of the sun pinion depending on: the safety factors for pitting and bending strengths, the load, planetary gear ratio, volume and the rest of parameters. Geometric conditions and criteria are applied to avoid the tooth fracture at the fillet due to bending and any tip-to-root interference; wear is distributed among all teeth and the design parameters, which optimize the performance of the profile shifted gears, are kept under allowable limits. The planetary spur gear reducer of these machines occupies between 60% and 70% of the equivalent pinion-gear. Profile shift of the sun pinion allows the reducer to withstand approximately an additional 10% of input torque compared with standard planetary gears. All the parameters of the tentative gears selected, required for the manufacture, are in practice, the same as the existing design ones. Contact stresses of the first case study were simulated in the finite element software ANSYS, student version, according to the model of Hertz. Good agreement is found between Hertz model and the computational model. The results of three additional case studies, in the annex, are similar with the existing designs. Alternative designs are included. The development of a reliable design of spur planetary gears of standardized reducers based on the finite element method, is in the ranges: 1,10 to 1,15 for the contact safety factor and from 2,2 to 2,5 for the bending safety factor; of the solar pinion. These permissible values are the indicators of the reducer gears for their domestic manufacture as components of raise boring machines. The input torque and rotation speed are considered in the ranges of 4 500 to 5 100 N.m and 200 to 80 rpm; and a useful life of 55 000 h. The costs for the first case study are reduced by 74%, 142 979 soles, compared to the costs of importing the gears manufactured in the USA.
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