Bibliographic citations
Córdova, J., (2019). Modelado, simulación y control de la temperatura de un reactor continuo de tanque agitado (CSTR) para un proceso exotérmico [Tesis, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería]. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/19796
Córdova, J., Modelado, simulación y control de la temperatura de un reactor continuo de tanque agitado (CSTR) para un proceso exotérmico [Tesis]. PE: Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería; 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/19796
@misc{renati/710832,
title = "Modelado, simulación y control de la temperatura de un reactor continuo de tanque agitado (CSTR) para un proceso exotérmico",
author = "Córdova Claros, Josmell",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería",
year = "2019"
}
In the present thesis is carried out the mathematical modeling, the dynamic simulation and temperature control of a stirred tank continuous reactor (CSTR), using the program and programming language OCTAVE. The dynamic model is validated with the process simulator UNISIM. The CSTR is open-loop unstable, hence the control of the temperature is of vital importance for the safe, stable and profitable operation of the reactor. The dynamic and non-linear model of the CSTR is deduced from the fundamental laws of conservation of matter and energy. The model is also linearized in order to analyze its stability using the Nyquist Stability Criterion. The process studied is the production of propylene glycol from the hydrolysis of propylene oxide, which main reaction is irreversible and exothermic (releases heat). To remove the heat generated and to control the temperature inside the reactor, cooling water is circulated through the reactor jacket. The CSTR is a process with a complex dynamic due to its strong non-linearity, and therefore, it is difficult to control using the conventional control scheme (a single-loop). For this reason, this thesis proposes an enhanced control strategy such as cascade control (two control loops: primary and secondary) to achieve precise and effective control of the temperature of the CSTR. The simulations show that the dynamic performance of cascade control is superior to conventional control for disturbances in the cooling water system, specifically supply temperature, with a faster response, less overshoot and effort in the control valve. The parameters of the PID controller in the conventional scheme are determined from the ultimate gain and period obtained from the Nyquist diagram and using the Tyreus-Luyben tuning rules. In the cascade control, the parameters of the primary and secondary controllers (PID and PID, respectively) are calculated from PID tuning rules based on the Direct Synthesis method (or equivalently the Internal Model Control method).
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