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Zea, F., (2018). Innovación tecnológica de fragmentación térmica en vetas angostas y gestión en costos de producción [Tesis, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería]. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/16393
Zea, F., Innovación tecnológica de fragmentación térmica en vetas angostas y gestión en costos de producción [Tesis]. : Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería; 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/16393
@mastersthesis{renati/709708,
title = "Innovación tecnológica de fragmentación térmica en vetas angostas y gestión en costos de producción",
author = "Zea Quispe, Feliciano Ricardo",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería",
year = "2018"
}
Title: Innovación tecnológica de fragmentación térmica en vetas angostas y gestión en costos de producción
Authors(s): Zea Quispe, Feliciano Ricardo
Advisor(s): Morales Flores, Aarón
Keywords: Control de dilución; Vetas angostas; Extracción de oro
Issue Date: 2018
Institution: Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería
Abstract: La perforación y el método de fragmentación térmica da a los mineros la posibilidad de extraer oro en vetas angostas selectivamente; consiste en delimitar un tajo por dos galerías superior e inferior de 60 m de longitud por 20 m de altura, y por dos chimeneas laterales; las secciones de las galerías son de 1,5 m*2,5 m; y las chimeneas son de 1,2 m*1,2 m.
El ciclo de explotación inicia con la perforación (S-36) de taladros largos pilotos a intervalos de 0,5 m (función de la ley y potencia), siendo los diámetros entre 2,5; 4 y 6 pulgadas respectivamente.
Seguidamente, se quema con calor la veta mineralizada durante 15 minutos por tramos de avance, desde el fondo del taladro (nivel inferior) hasta una altura de 18 m, dejando caer por gravedad el mineral molido al piso de la galería inferior, se deja enfriar para luego recolectar por succión con manguera de 6 pulgadas hasta la boca de mina, posteriormente se transporta con camión hasta la planta de beneficio.
Este método es amigable con el medio ambiente, por extraer solo veta, no genera gases contaminantes, solo CO menor al límite permisible (de 0 a 15 ppm), el polvo es controlado por ventilación y por un condensador de vapor de agua lo que reduce al mismo tiempo la temperatura a 30°C (El límite es de 29°C).
En cuanto al uso de explosivo como dinamita en el desarrollo de las dos galerías mencionadas, el consumo tan solo es de 16,74 kg en total, comparando con el método de explotación de almacenamiento provisional donde el consumo sería de 568 kg en similares labores.
Resultado, es viable de aplicar este método de fragmentación térmica en vetas angostas a un costo de Producción de US $ 572,75/gda y US $ 45,82 /t, alcanzando un rendimiento aproximado de 2,4 m/h (2,2 t/h/g).
Concluyo, afirmando que este método posee mayores ventajas económicas, de seguridad, sociales, y es menos contaminante que otros métodos de extracción, debido a que maneja menores volúmenes de materiales e insumos, y por supuesto de energía.
The drilling and thermal fragmentation method gives miners the possibility of extracting gold in selectively narrow veins; it consists of delimiting a pit by two upper and lower galleries of 60 m in length by 20 m in height, and by two lateral chimneys; the sections of the galleries are 1.5 m * 2.5 m; and the chimneys are 1.2 m * 1.2 m. The exploitation cycle begins with the drilling (S-36) of long pilot holes at 0.5 m intervals (depending on vein grade), with diameters between 2.5; 4 and 6 inches respectively. Next, the mineralized vein is burned with heat for 15 minutes by advance sections, from the bottom of the hole (lower level) to a height of 18 m, allowing the fragmented ore to fall by gravity to the floor of the lower gallery, the fragmented particles are left there to cool down and then collect by suction with a 6-inch hose to the mine entrance, later it is transported by truck to the beneficiation plant. This method is friendly to the environment, to extract only vein, does not generate polluting gases, only CO lower than the permissible limit (from 0 to 15 ppm), the dust is controlled by ventilation and by a steam condenser which reduces at the same time the temperature at 30 ° C (The limit is 29 ° C). Regarding the use of explosive as dynamite in the development of the two galleries mentioned, consumption is only 16.74 kg in total, compared with the method of exploitation of temporary storage where consumption would be 568 kg in similar work. Result, it is viable to apply this method of thermal fragmentation in narrow veins at a production cost of US $ 572.75 / gda and US $ 45.82 / t, reaching an approximate yield of 2.4 m / h (2, 2 t / h / g). I conclude, stating that this method has greater economic, safety and social advantages, and is less polluting than other extraction methods, because it handles smaller volumes of materials and supplies, and of course energy.
The drilling and thermal fragmentation method gives miners the possibility of extracting gold in selectively narrow veins; it consists of delimiting a pit by two upper and lower galleries of 60 m in length by 20 m in height, and by two lateral chimneys; the sections of the galleries are 1.5 m * 2.5 m; and the chimneys are 1.2 m * 1.2 m. The exploitation cycle begins with the drilling (S-36) of long pilot holes at 0.5 m intervals (depending on vein grade), with diameters between 2.5; 4 and 6 inches respectively. Next, the mineralized vein is burned with heat for 15 minutes by advance sections, from the bottom of the hole (lower level) to a height of 18 m, allowing the fragmented ore to fall by gravity to the floor of the lower gallery, the fragmented particles are left there to cool down and then collect by suction with a 6-inch hose to the mine entrance, later it is transported by truck to the beneficiation plant. This method is friendly to the environment, to extract only vein, does not generate polluting gases, only CO lower than the permissible limit (from 0 to 15 ppm), the dust is controlled by ventilation and by a steam condenser which reduces at the same time the temperature at 30 ° C (The limit is 29 ° C). Regarding the use of explosive as dynamite in the development of the two galleries mentioned, consumption is only 16.74 kg in total, compared with the method of exploitation of temporary storage where consumption would be 568 kg in similar work. Result, it is viable to apply this method of thermal fragmentation in narrow veins at a production cost of US $ 572.75 / gda and US $ 45.82 / t, reaching an approximate yield of 2.4 m / h (2, 2 t / h / g). I conclude, stating that this method has greater economic, safety and social advantages, and is less polluting than other extraction methods, because it handles smaller volumes of materials and supplies, and of course energy.
Link to repository: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/16393
Discipline: Maestría en Ciencias con Mención en Gestión Minera
Grade or title grantor: Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería. Facultad de Ingeniería Geológica, Minera y Metalúrgica. Unidad de Posgrado
Grade or title: Maestro en Ciencias con Mención en Gestión Minera
Register date: 1-Mar-2019
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