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Medina, E., (2018). Marco regulatorio ambiental del sector hidrocarburos y su impacto en las inversiones en el Perú [Tesis, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería]. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/15790
Medina, E., Marco regulatorio ambiental del sector hidrocarburos y su impacto en las inversiones en el Perú [Tesis]. : Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería; 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/15790
@misc{renati/709479,
title = "Marco regulatorio ambiental del sector hidrocarburos y su impacto en las inversiones en el Perú",
author = "Medina Juárez, Elisa Del Carmen",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería",
year = "2018"
}
Title: Marco regulatorio ambiental del sector hidrocarburos y su impacto en las inversiones en el Perú
Authors(s): Medina Juárez, Elisa Del Carmen
Advisor(s): Cataño Cauti, Víctor Francisco
Keywords: Impacto ambiental; Hidrocarburos; Marco regulatorio
Issue Date: 2018
Institution: Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería
Abstract: El Estado Peruano, en su rol promotor de inversiones, alienta los esfuerzos por atraer inversiones en el sector hidrocarburos con el propósito de incrementar las reservas y satisfacer la demanda interna de hidrocarburos bajo un marco de convergencia entre crecimiento económico, equidad y uso sostenible de los recursos naturales.
La necesidad de satisfacer la demanda interna de hidrocarburos en el país, implica el desarrollo de estrategias de promoción, la cual demanda incremento de inversiones que están asociadas al aumento de las actividades de hidrocarburos (exploración y explotación de hidrocarburos) en todo el territorio nacional, razón por la cual el Ministerio de Energía y Minas y PERUPETRO S.A.1 asumen el compromiso por compatibilizar la exploración y explotación de hidrocarburos con la protección del ambiente, ello con la finalidad de que las actividades de hidrocarburos se desarrollen en un entorno armónico.
Aunque este optimismo por el crecimiento económico es notable desde algunos sectores, el entorno peruano en el que operan las empresas de hidrocarburos se aleja notablemente de ser sencillo y estable, siendo las trabas burocráticas uno de los motivos que ha generado que proyectos de inversión en el sector de hidrocarburos se encuentren paralizados en desmedro de la economía peruana.
Esta situación debería revertirse con un cambio en las reglas que haga más competitivo el sector de hidrocarburos, ya que las empresas contratistas realizan una inversión de alto riesgo, que no debe ir vinculada a la incertidumbre y la política. A lo anterior se suman los riesgos naturales del sector hidrocarburos (razones técnicas y económicas) y un contexto de conflictividad social en el cual se puede ver inmersa. Por lo tanto, se puede afirmar que la industria ha tenido dificultades para la producción en un escenario de exigencias socio ambientales, ante las cuales ha desarrollado estrategias y vocación de diálogo, respeto de los derechos y cumplimiento de la ley. El sector hidrocarburos requiere ser desarrollado, como muchos otros dominios de la política, con una mirada estratégica.
En este contexto, es importante resaltar que los problemas expuestos anteriormente (razones técnicas, económicas, ambientales y sociales) ocasionan una suspensión en las obligaciones de los Contratos de Licencia para la Exploración y Explotación de Hidrocarburos la cual se conoce actualmente como situación de “Fuerza Mayor”. Dicha situación ocasiona un desanimo en las empresas Contratistas cuyos proyectos de inversión se encuentran destinados en el Perú.
Con la presente Tesis se evaluará cómo se han visto afectadas las inversiones del sector hidrocarburos por razones ambientales “permisología”. Para ello, se realizó un análisis que involucra al Estado, la Empresa Privada y la Sociedad Civil. Esto implica la reestructuración de las relaciones existentes entre los tres actores: Estado que cree las condiciones y brinde las garantías para la inversión, que respete los derechos y se haga responsable de dirigir una política clara, coherente y organizada; un sector empresarial que invierta responsablemente y genere una extracción sostenible del recurso, aportando a la competitividad y desarrollo del país y una Sociedad Civil que confíe en el Estado y sienta que sus derechos son garantizados.
The Peruvian State, in its investment promotion role, encourages efforts to attract investments in the oil and gas sector with the purpose of increasing reserves and meeting domestic demand for hydrocarbons under a framework of convergence between economic growth, equity and sustainable use of natural resources. The need to cover domestic demand for hydrocarbons, it involves the development of promotion strategies, which demand an increase in investments that are associated with the increase of activities nationwide (Exploration & Exploitation). That is why, the Ministry of Energy and Mines and PERUPETRO SA they assume the commitment to make the exploration and exploitation of hydrocarbons compatible with the protection of the environment, in order that the oil and gas activities take place in a harmonious environment. Even this optimism for economic growth is notable from some sectors, the Peruvian environment in which oil and gas companies operate is notably far from being simple and stable, with bureaucratic obstacles being one of the main reasons that has generated investment projects of oil and gas sector are stopped and is currently harming the Peruvian economy. This situation should be reversed with a change in the rules that make the oil and gas sector more competitive, complying with all deadlines, since the contractor companies make a high-risk investment, which should not be linked to uncertainty and policy. In addition, the natural risks of the oil and gas sector (technical and economic reasons) and a context of social conflict in which it can be seen immersed. Therefore, it can be affirmed that the industry has had difficulties for production in a scenario with the strictest socio-environmental requirements, before which it has developed strategies and a vocation for dialogue, respect for rights and compliance with the law. The oil and gas sector needs to be developed, as many other domains of politics, with a strategic perspective. In this context, it is important to highlight that the problems described above (technical, economic, environmental and social reasons) cause a suspension of the obligations of the License Contracts for the Exploration and Exploitation of Hydrocarbons which is currently known as a “Force Majeure“ situation. This situation causes a discouragement among Contractors companies whose investment projects are destined in Peru. This thesis presented, will be assessed how investments in the oil and gas sector have been affected for environmental reasons “permitting“. For this, it is necessary to carry out an analysis that involves the State, private enterprise and Civil Society. This implies the restructuring of the existing relationships between all three main actors: State that creates the conditions and provides guarantees for investment, that respects the rights and is responsible for directing a clear, coherent and organized policy; a business sector that invests responsibly and generates a sustainable extraction of the resource, contributing to the competitiveness and development of the country and a Civil Society that trusts in the State and feels that their rights are guaranteed.
The Peruvian State, in its investment promotion role, encourages efforts to attract investments in the oil and gas sector with the purpose of increasing reserves and meeting domestic demand for hydrocarbons under a framework of convergence between economic growth, equity and sustainable use of natural resources. The need to cover domestic demand for hydrocarbons, it involves the development of promotion strategies, which demand an increase in investments that are associated with the increase of activities nationwide (Exploration & Exploitation). That is why, the Ministry of Energy and Mines and PERUPETRO SA they assume the commitment to make the exploration and exploitation of hydrocarbons compatible with the protection of the environment, in order that the oil and gas activities take place in a harmonious environment. Even this optimism for economic growth is notable from some sectors, the Peruvian environment in which oil and gas companies operate is notably far from being simple and stable, with bureaucratic obstacles being one of the main reasons that has generated investment projects of oil and gas sector are stopped and is currently harming the Peruvian economy. This situation should be reversed with a change in the rules that make the oil and gas sector more competitive, complying with all deadlines, since the contractor companies make a high-risk investment, which should not be linked to uncertainty and policy. In addition, the natural risks of the oil and gas sector (technical and economic reasons) and a context of social conflict in which it can be seen immersed. Therefore, it can be affirmed that the industry has had difficulties for production in a scenario with the strictest socio-environmental requirements, before which it has developed strategies and a vocation for dialogue, respect for rights and compliance with the law. The oil and gas sector needs to be developed, as many other domains of politics, with a strategic perspective. In this context, it is important to highlight that the problems described above (technical, economic, environmental and social reasons) cause a suspension of the obligations of the License Contracts for the Exploration and Exploitation of Hydrocarbons which is currently known as a “Force Majeure“ situation. This situation causes a discouragement among Contractors companies whose investment projects are destined in Peru. This thesis presented, will be assessed how investments in the oil and gas sector have been affected for environmental reasons “permitting“. For this, it is necessary to carry out an analysis that involves the State, private enterprise and Civil Society. This implies the restructuring of the existing relationships between all three main actors: State that creates the conditions and provides guarantees for investment, that respects the rights and is responsible for directing a clear, coherent and organized policy; a business sector that invests responsibly and generates a sustainable extraction of the resource, contributing to the competitiveness and development of the country and a Civil Society that trusts in the State and feels that their rights are guaranteed.
Link to repository: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/15790
Discipline: Ingeniería de Petróleo
Grade or title grantor: Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería. Facultad de Ingeniería de Petróleo, Gas Natural y Petroquímica
Grade or title: Ingeniero de Petróleo
Register date: 2-Jan-2019
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