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Quintana, M., (2009). Tarificación vial por congestión mediante licencia por área [Tesis, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería]. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/847
Quintana, M., Tarificación vial por congestión mediante licencia por área [Tesis]. : Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería; 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/847
@mastersthesis{renati/704202,
title = "Tarificación vial por congestión mediante licencia por área",
author = "Quintana Luján, Miguel Ángel",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería",
year = "2009"
}
Title: Tarificación vial por congestión mediante licencia por área
Authors(s): Quintana Luján, Miguel Ángel
Advisor(s): Chinchay Romero, Rómulo
Keywords: Peajes; Proyectos viales; Congestión vehicular
Issue Date: 2009
Institution: Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería
Abstract: El problema de la congestión vehicular es cada vez más frecuente y va en crecimiento. Existen varios factores que han contribuido a agravar este problema, siendo el principal, el mayor crecimiento de la tasa de motorización en comparación con la infraestructura vial, esto se traduce en un exceso de la demanda por el uso de la infraestructura vial existente, la cual se convierte en un bien escaso.
Es común considerar a la infraestructura vial, como un bien público, asociándolo a un precio nulo por su uso, sin embargo, en horas punta, estas dejan de ser bienes públicos puros, ya que aparece una característica asociada que es la rivalidad por su uso, puesto que al ser la infraestructura vial limitada, el exceso de demanda impide el uso simultáneo de la vía por parte del resto.
En este contexto, surge el concepto de escasez del bien público y la necesidad de darle un valor por su uso alternativo a fin de poder disminuir el exceso de demanda. Con este concepto nace la “Tarificación Vial por Congestión”, como medida aplicada a la demanda de transporte.
La presente investigación, desea profundizar el conocimiento respecto al comportamiento del modo transporte privado frente a un sistema de Tarificación Vial por Área.
Los resultados obtenidos, muestran como la Tarificación Vial redistribuye los flujos de transporte privado que antes cruzaban por dicha zona, descongestionando la zona central, pero congestionando las vías inmediatamente aledañas por el desvío de flujo.
Los viajes que cruzan la zona tarifada sufren un fuerte impacto de tal manera que aumenta los Veh-hora en 16% y los Veh-km en 13.5%, lo que representa perjuicios económicos anuales de $99,860 por tiempo de viaje y $4.44 millones por costo de operación, para este tipo de viajeros. Mientras que los que salen o entran a la zona central o es marginal o bien tienen indicadores negativos, es decir mejorando su velocidad o disminuyendo su recorrido.
Por consiguiente, esta investigación nos muestra un mejor panorama acerca del comportamiento de los flujos de transporte privado frente a un sistema de Tarificación Vial por Congestión.
The problem of vehicular congestion is becoming more common and it is rising quickly. There are a lot of factors that contribute to the aggravation of the problem. The main one is the aggressive growing of the total numbers of cars in contrast with the road infrastructure, which turns out to be a scare commodity due to the great demand of the use of the existing road infrastructure. It is quite common to consider the road infrastructure as a public good, without associating it to a monetary value. However, in peak hours, roads are no longer considered public goods since an associated characteristic appears: the rivalry of its use. This occurs because the road infrastructure is limited and the excess of demand prevents the simultaneous use of the road. In this context arises the concept of scarcity of the public good and the necessity to give it a value for its alternative use, in order to reduce the excess demand. Within this concept the “Toll due to Congestion” idea is born, as applied measure to the demand of transport. This research aims to study in depth the knowledge of the behavior of the private transportation against a system of toll by area. The obtained results show how a toll distributes the private transportation flow that circulated through such zone before, clearing the central zone, but congesting the surrounding streets. The rides that pass through the tolled zone have a great impact in such a way that the Veh-hour and Veh-km rise in 16% and 13.5% respectively. This represents an economic damage of $99,860 for time of ride and $4.44 million for operations costs annually, to this sort of travelers. On the other side, the ones that go in and out of the central zone have either negative indicators or are marginal, this means, they improve their speed and reduce their trajectory. Consequently, this research shows a better view of the behavior of the flow of the private transportation against a Toll due to Congestion system.
The problem of vehicular congestion is becoming more common and it is rising quickly. There are a lot of factors that contribute to the aggravation of the problem. The main one is the aggressive growing of the total numbers of cars in contrast with the road infrastructure, which turns out to be a scare commodity due to the great demand of the use of the existing road infrastructure. It is quite common to consider the road infrastructure as a public good, without associating it to a monetary value. However, in peak hours, roads are no longer considered public goods since an associated characteristic appears: the rivalry of its use. This occurs because the road infrastructure is limited and the excess of demand prevents the simultaneous use of the road. In this context arises the concept of scarcity of the public good and the necessity to give it a value for its alternative use, in order to reduce the excess demand. Within this concept the “Toll due to Congestion” idea is born, as applied measure to the demand of transport. This research aims to study in depth the knowledge of the behavior of the private transportation against a system of toll by area. The obtained results show how a toll distributes the private transportation flow that circulated through such zone before, clearing the central zone, but congesting the surrounding streets. The rides that pass through the tolled zone have a great impact in such a way that the Veh-hour and Veh-km rise in 16% and 13.5% respectively. This represents an economic damage of $99,860 for time of ride and $4.44 million for operations costs annually, to this sort of travelers. On the other side, the ones that go in and out of the central zone have either negative indicators or are marginal, this means, they improve their speed and reduce their trajectory. Consequently, this research shows a better view of the behavior of the flow of the private transportation against a Toll due to Congestion system.
Link to repository: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/847
Discipline: Maestría en Ciencias con Mención en Ingeniería de Transportes
Grade or title grantor: Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil. Unidad de Posgrado
Grade or title: Maestro en Ciencias con Mención en Ingeniería de Transportes
Register date: 4-Sep-2013
This item is licensed under a Creative Commons License