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Chirinos, H., Zárate, E. (2011). Historia de la construcción en Lambayeque: periodos prehispánico y virreinal [Tesis, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería]. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/815
Chirinos, H., Zárate, E. Historia de la construcción en Lambayeque: periodos prehispánico y virreinal [Tesis]. : Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería; 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/815
@mastersthesis{renati/704137,
title = "Historia de la construcción en Lambayeque: periodos prehispánico y virreinal",
author = "Zárate Aguinaga, Eduardo Alberto Martín",
publisher = "Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería",
year = "2011"
}
Title: Historia de la construcción en Lambayeque: periodos prehispánico y virreinal
Advisor(s): Canelo Almeida, Reinaldo Nemesio
Keywords: Materiales de construcción; Época prehispánica
Issue Date: 2011
Institution: Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería
Abstract: La historia de la construcción en el Perú es aún un campo poco estudiado. Esta tesis centrada en la Construcción Prehispánica y Virreinal en Lambayeque constituye un aporte en este sentido.
La metodología de investigación utilizada para el análisis de la construcción prehispánica está basada en información arqueológica. En el caso del estudio del periodo virreinal se usó prioritariamente información conseguida in situ.
El análisis realizado demuestra que los materiales empleados en el periodo prehispánico varían en función a los estadios culturales, a los tipos y a los componentes arquitectónicos. Sin embargo, tienen como común denominador el uso de la tierra cruda para el caso de la arquitectura ceremonial (se utilizó champas, y luego adobes cónicos, cilíndricos y paralelepípedos), y el uso de la quincha para el caso de la arquitectura habitacional.
En lo que respecta a las técnicas de construcción, destacan dos de ellas: los paneles modulares de adobes, y las cámaras con relleno. Luego de analizar ambas técnicas se concluye que la primera está relacionada con un mayor esfuerzo y consumo de recursos, y la segunda con una mayor rapidez en la construcción.
En el periodo virreinal se han encontrado diferencias ocasionadas básicamente por la tipología arquitectónica y la jerarquía de los emplazamientos, teniendo como constante el uso de la tierra cruda (adobe) para la construcción de muros, contrafuertes y excepcionalmente arquerías; y la utilización de tierra cocida (ladrillo) para arcos, portadas, bóvedas, sobre cimientos y acabados de pisos y ornamentación. Por otro lado, a diferencia de lo ocurrido en Lima, la quincha es utilizada únicamente en los techos, no existió un uso masivo ni obligado de la misma.
A lo largo de los dos periodos estudiados, existe evidencia de continuidad de uso de los troncos de algarrobo como elemento estructural de soporte (horcones), y para estructuración de techos.
Finalmente, la elaboración de los detalles constructivos más importantes de las edificaciones estudiadas constituye un aporte relevante del presente trabajo. Asimismo, este estudio permite considerar la posibilidad de recuperar tecnologías constructivas, que mantienen su valor debido a su adecuación al medio geográfico y a los recursos de éste.
The history of construcción in Perú is still a little-studied field, especially in Lambayeque. This thesis focused ou Precolumbian and Colonial construction is a contribution in this aspect. The research methodology that has been used for the analysis of pre-Hispanic constriction is basad on archeological data. In the case of the sludy of the colonial period, the information used was primarily obtained in situ. The analysis shows that the materials used in the pre-Hispanic period vary according lo cultural stages, types, and architectural components. However, they have a common denominator: the use of earth in the case of ceremonial architecture (champas, and then conica, cylindrical and parallepiped adobe), and the use of quincha for the case of residential architecture. In regard la construction techniques, there are two of them that are highlighled: the modular panels of adobe, and the filiad chambers. After analyzing both techniques it is concluded thal the first one is associated with an increased effort and resource consumption, and the sacond with a faster construction. In the colonial period some differences have been founded, these ones were caused mainly by the architectural style and the hierarchy of sites, and they had a constant use of earth (parallelepiped adobe) for t:he construction of walls, buttresses and arches exceptionally; and the use of terra cotta (brick) lo arches, doorways, vaults, plinths and ornamentation. Moreover, unlike what happened in Lima, the quincha is used only on roofs, there was no widespread or required use of this material. Over the two periods studied, there is evidence of continued use of algarrobo trunks as a structural element of support (forked props), and for roof structure Finally, the development of major construction details of lhe buildings studied is a significant contribution from this thesis. This sludy also allows us to consider the possibility ofrecovering construction techniques, which retain their value because of its relevance lo the geographical environment and resources from it.
The history of construcción in Perú is still a little-studied field, especially in Lambayeque. This thesis focused ou Precolumbian and Colonial construction is a contribution in this aspect. The research methodology that has been used for the analysis of pre-Hispanic constriction is basad on archeological data. In the case of the sludy of the colonial period, the information used was primarily obtained in situ. The analysis shows that the materials used in the pre-Hispanic period vary according lo cultural stages, types, and architectural components. However, they have a common denominator: the use of earth in the case of ceremonial architecture (champas, and then conica, cylindrical and parallepiped adobe), and the use of quincha for the case of residential architecture. In regard la construction techniques, there are two of them that are highlighled: the modular panels of adobe, and the filiad chambers. After analyzing both techniques it is concluded thal the first one is associated with an increased effort and resource consumption, and the sacond with a faster construction. In the colonial period some differences have been founded, these ones were caused mainly by the architectural style and the hierarchy of sites, and they had a constant use of earth (parallelepiped adobe) for t:he construction of walls, buttresses and arches exceptionally; and the use of terra cotta (brick) lo arches, doorways, vaults, plinths and ornamentation. Moreover, unlike what happened in Lima, the quincha is used only on roofs, there was no widespread or required use of this material. Over the two periods studied, there is evidence of continued use of algarrobo trunks as a structural element of support (forked props), and for roof structure Finally, the development of major construction details of lhe buildings studied is a significant contribution from this thesis. This sludy also allows us to consider the possibility ofrecovering construction techniques, which retain their value because of its relevance lo the geographical environment and resources from it.
Link to repository: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14076/815
Discipline: Maestría en Tecnología de la Construcción
Grade or title grantor: Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil. Unidad de Posgrado
Grade or title: Maestro en Tecnología de la Construcción
Register date: 4-Sep-2013
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