Bibliographic citations
Bravo, F., (2019). Preparación y caracterización de sensores a base de óxidos metálicos y su aplicación para la detección de insecticidas organofosforados [Tesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú]. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/14911
Bravo, F., Preparación y caracterización de sensores a base de óxidos metálicos y su aplicación para la detección de insecticidas organofosforados [Tesis]. PE: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú; 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/14911
@mastersthesis{renati/537211,
title = "Preparación y caracterización de sensores a base de óxidos metálicos y su aplicación para la detección de insecticidas organofosforados",
author = "Bravo Hualpa, Fabiola",
publisher = "Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú",
year = "2019"
}
This thesis focuses on the synthesis and characterization of metal oxides doped with transition metals to improve their sensitivity to detect vapors of two organophosphorus pesticides, Chlorpyrifos and Malathion. The oxides studied are Zr doped zinc oxide (ZnO), Ag doped ZnO, and tin oxide (SnO2) doped with Pt and Zr. The synthesis of ZnO is carried out through the application of two hydrothermal synthesis methodologies: (a) Microwave assisted precipitation and (b) autoclave precipitation; while ZnO doping is conducted by adding the dopant precursor (AgNO3 or ZrOCl2) to the reaction mixture. SnO2 doped with Zr and Pt is prepared from commercial tin oxide (Merck). The doping process was carried out in two stages: 1) Zr doped SnO2 is obtained by mechanical mixing and 2) Pt doped SnO2 is prepared by reduction with SnSO4. The characterization of these materials is carried out by employing DRX, FTIR, UV, SEM-EDS, TEM and sorption of N2 analysis. In addition, the quantification of pesticide concentration in commercial samples, that are used in the sensing essays, is performed with HPLC. Response signals are obtained with greater stability for long sensing times with zinc oxide sensors doped with Zr by autoclave synthesis (AT-Zr-ZnO). Its characterization by XRD reveals that doping is substitutional and no additional phases are identified. A study of the optimum temperature conditions (between 210°C and 220°C), concentration of the dopant in zinc oxide and tin oxide is carried out. The temperature has a positive effect on the sensitivity of all the sensors tested. At the test temperature of 220°C, the sensitivity of the best sensors (AT-Zr-2.0-ZnO and Pt-0.13-ZrO2-0.15-SnO2) for Malathion can be maximized. In the case of Chlorpyrifos, better results are obtained for the Pt-0.13-ZrO2-0.15-SnO2 sensor, whose signal is favored at 210°C. In addition, the sensitivity of Pt-0.13-ZrO2-0.15-SnO2 with respect to AT-Zr-2.0-ZnO at 220°C is higher for Chlorpyrifos, but lower for Malathion. The statistical treatment method PCA allows the evaluation of the signals of samples with different concentrations of pesticides. The best PCA, obtained with the data of the measurements using the most sensitive sensors, show a total explained variance greater than 90% and a better differentiation between air samples contaminated with pesticides and air samples without contamination.
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