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Ossio, C., (2021). Exposición personal a PM2.5 según los medios de transporte utilizados en la ciudad de Lima [Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/10047
Ossio, C., Exposición personal a PM2.5 según los medios de transporte utilizados en la ciudad de Lima []. PE: Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia; 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/10047
@misc{renati/493912,
title = "Exposición personal a PM2.5 según los medios de transporte utilizados en la ciudad de Lima",
author = "Ossio Tord, Caterina",
publisher = "Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia",
year = "2021"
}
Title: Exposición personal a PM2.5 según los medios de transporte utilizados en la ciudad de Lima
Authors(s): Ossio Tord, Caterina
Advisor(s): Hartinger Peña, Stella María
Keywords: Calidad del Aire; Transporte; Salud Ambiental; PM; Material Particulado; Exposición Personal
OCDE field: http://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.05; http://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#5.07.04
Issue Date: 2021
Institution: Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia
Abstract: La contaminación del aire ambiental por gases o partículas puede generar efectos adversos en el ambiente y la salud humana (1). Los principales contaminantes del aire son los gases SO₂, NOx, CO, O₃ y VOCs y el material particulado, subclasificado en PM2.5 y PM10 (2-5). Globalmente, estos contaminantes pueden incrementar la tasa de mortalidad y morbilidad, tanto en enfermedades transmisibles como no transmisibles (2,5). Entre ellos, el PM2.5 contribuyó a 4.2 millones de muertes por cáncer, infecciones respiratorias y enfermedades cardíacas o respiratorias en el 2016 a nivel mundial (1). Este contaminante del aire es listado como el quinto mayor factor de riesgo de muerte prematura y suele usarse como indicador de contaminación del aire (1,2,4). Debido a su impacto en la salud, la contaminación del aire ambiental contribuye substancialmente a la carga global de enfermedades, sobre todo en megaciudades y en países de ingresos bajos o intermedios (1,3). En las megaciudades, la calidad ambiental depende del planeamiento urbano, el efecto isla de calor urbano y el sistema de transporte (6-9). El transporte es la fuente principal de contaminantes del aire en varias ciudades, sobre todo en países con ingresos bajos y medios (8). Un ejemplo es Lima, ciudad que estuvo listada como la 2da ciudad de Latinoamérica con mayor concentración de PM2.5 en el 2011 y con niveles de PM2.5 que actualmente exceden los límites de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) (9-12). Los tipos de transporte en Lima se agrupan en transporte colectivo, individual y no motorizado y se desconoce si hay diferencias en la exposición a contaminantes del aire ambiental de personas según el tipo de transporte que utilizan (13). Cada medio de transporte implica un microambiente, por lo cual es necesario evaluar cada uno como un espacio con una calidad de aire ambiental independiente y la metodología ideal para ello es la exposición personal (14-16 )). El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la exposición personal de PM2.5 en adultos según el medio de transporte que utilicen en Lima.
Pollution of ambient air by gases or particles can have adverse effects on the environment and human health (1). The main air pollutants are SO₂, NOx, CO, O₃ and VOCs and particulate matter, sub classified into PM2.5 and PM10 (2-5 ). Globally, these pollutants can increase mortality and morbidity rates, both in communicable and non communicable diseases (2,5). Among them, PM2.5 contributed to 4.2 million deaths from cancer, respiratory infections and cardiac or respiratory diseases in 2016 globally (1). This air pollutant is listed as the fifth highest risk factor for premature death and is often used as an indicator of air pollution (1,2,4). Due to its impact on health, ambient air pollution contributes substantially to the global burden of disease, especially in megacities and in low or intermediate income countries (1,3). In megacities, environmental quality depends on urban planning, the urban heat island effect, and the transportation system (6-9). Transportation is the main source of air pollutants in several cities, especially in low and middle income countries (8). An example is Lima, a city that was listed as the 2nd city in Latin America with the highest concentration of PM2.5 in 2011 and with PM2.5 levels that currently exceed the limits of the World Health Organization (WHO) (9-12). The types of transportation in Lima are grouped into collective, individual, and non motorized transportation and it is unknown whether there are differences in people's exposure to ambient air pollutants according to the type of transportation they use (13). Each means of transport implies a microenvironment, for which it is necessary to evaluate each one as a space with an independent ambient air quality, and the ideal methodology for this is personal exposure (14-16). The objective of this study is to determine the personal exposure of PM2.5 in adults according to the means of transport they use in Lima.
Pollution of ambient air by gases or particles can have adverse effects on the environment and human health (1). The main air pollutants are SO₂, NOx, CO, O₃ and VOCs and particulate matter, sub classified into PM2.5 and PM10 (2-5 ). Globally, these pollutants can increase mortality and morbidity rates, both in communicable and non communicable diseases (2,5). Among them, PM2.5 contributed to 4.2 million deaths from cancer, respiratory infections and cardiac or respiratory diseases in 2016 globally (1). This air pollutant is listed as the fifth highest risk factor for premature death and is often used as an indicator of air pollution (1,2,4). Due to its impact on health, ambient air pollution contributes substantially to the global burden of disease, especially in megacities and in low or intermediate income countries (1,3). In megacities, environmental quality depends on urban planning, the urban heat island effect, and the transportation system (6-9). Transportation is the main source of air pollutants in several cities, especially in low and middle income countries (8). An example is Lima, a city that was listed as the 2nd city in Latin America with the highest concentration of PM2.5 in 2011 and with PM2.5 levels that currently exceed the limits of the World Health Organization (WHO) (9-12). The types of transportation in Lima are grouped into collective, individual, and non motorized transportation and it is unknown whether there are differences in people's exposure to ambient air pollutants according to the type of transportation they use (13). Each means of transport implies a microenvironment, for which it is necessary to evaluate each one as a space with an independent ambient air quality, and the ideal methodology for this is personal exposure (14-16). The objective of this study is to determine the personal exposure of PM2.5 in adults according to the means of transport they use in Lima.
Link to repository: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/10047
Discipline: Biología
Grade or title grantor: Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía Alberto Cazorla Talleri
Grade or title: Bachiller en Ciencias con mención en Biología
Juror: Cáceres Palacios, Carlos Fernando; Loayza Muro, Raúl Augusto
Register date: 8-Nov-2021
This item is licensed under a Creative Commons License