Determinación y evaluación del pH en canales de bovinos de las razas Holstein (Bos taurus) y Nelore (Bos indicus) en Lima - Perú

Abstract

En el estudio se utilizaron 100 bovinos machos, 50 de la raza Holstein (Bos taurus) y 50 de la raza Nelore (Bos indicus), con edades que fluctuaban entre 12 a 24 meses. El objetivo fue determinar la curvas de variación Post mortal del pH para ambas razas durante las primeras 24 horas, las medidas del pH fueron tomados en el músculo Longissimus dorsi, y los datos fueron sometidos a análisis de regresión. El valor del pH se expresó a través de ecuaciones de regresión, por medio del coeficiente de correlación (R2) que fue de tipo cúbica, obteniéndose para la raza holstein (R2 = 0.814) y Nelore (R2 = 0.767). Las medidas del pH se realizaron después de la sangría, en los horarios de 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 24 horas Post mortem. Encontrando los valores estimados de pH para las 24 primeras horas Post mortem para la raza Holstein (Bos taurus) de 6.81, 6.55, 6.33, 6.14, 5.97, 5.84, 5.73, 5.64, 5.58, 5.53, 5.50, 5.48, 5.48, 5.48, 5.49, 5.51, 5.53, 5.55, 5.57, 5.59, 5.60, 5.60, 5.59, 5.57, y para la raza Nelore (Bos indicus) de 6.71, 6.46, 6.24, 6.05, 5.89, 5.75, 5.65, 5.56, 5.50, 5.45, 5.42, 5.40, 5.39, 5.39, 5.40, 5.41, 5.43, 5.44, 5.45, 5.46, 5.46, 5.45, 5.43, 5.40, respectivamente. Los valores de pH en la carne muestran una rápida caída durante las 12 primeras horas y los valores de pH de la raza Holstein (Bos taurus), con respecto a la raza Nelore (Bos indicus) son ligeramente mayores (p < 0.05), aunque siguen similar tendencia a lo largo de las 24 primeras horas Post mortem.

In this study was used 100 cattle male cows, being 50 of Holstein breed (Bos taurus) and 50 Nelore breed (Bos indicus), with ages was between 12 a 24 moths. The objetive of this study was to determine the pH Post mortal variation curves for both breeds during the first 24 hours, the pH measurements was took in the Longissimus dorsi muscle, and the data was to submited regression analysis. The pH value was expressed through the regression ecuations, related to the correlation coefficient (R2) that was a cubic one, the result were (R2 = 0.814) for Holstein and (R2 = 0.767) for Nelore. The pH measurements were perfomed after the slaughter, in the periods of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 24 hours Post mortem. Find the values to admited of pH for first 24 Post mortem hours the results were for Holstein breed (Bos taurus) of 6.81, 6.55, 6.33, 6.14, 5.97, 5.84, 5.73, 5.64, 5.58, 5.53, 5.50, 5.48, 5.48, 5.48, 5.49, 5.51, 5.53, 5.55, 5.57, 5.59, 5.60, 5.60, 5.59, 5.57, and for Nelore breed (Bos indicus) of 6.71, 6.46, 6.24, 6.05, 5.89, 5.75, 5.65, 5.56, 5.50, 5.45, 5.42, 5.40, 5.39, 5.39, 5.40, 5.41, 5.43, 5.44, 5.45, 5.46, 5.46, 5.45, 5.43, 5.40, respectively. The meat pH values show a fast fall during the first 12 hours and the Holstein (Bos taurus) pH values in contrast to Nelore (Bos indicus) are slightly higher (p < 0.05), even thoughn they follow a similar tendency during the first 24 hours Post mortem.