Modelo compuesto para mejorar la eficiencia en el proceso de producción de calzado de cuero aplicando SLP, Trabajo estandarizado y SMED en una empresa PYME de Lima Metropolitana

Abstract

El sector Calzado es uno de los más importantes en el Perú, ya que esta industria representa el 1.2% del PBI y genera 57 mil empleos a nivel nacional. Además, las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas son las que mayor contribuyen en este rubro. Los zapatos de cuero son los productos que mayor demanda tienen en esta industria, por ello, las organizaciones manufactureras están realizando constantes cambios para mejorar su calidad y reducir sus costos de fabricación. No obstante, el problema que afronta este sector es la baja eficiencia en su proceso de fabricación puesto que sólo alcanzan el 38%, lo cual afecta a un gran número de empresas. De este modo, se propone un modelo basado en la metodología PDCA con el objetivo principal de mejorar dicha problemática bajo el método SLP, Trabajo Estandarizado y SMED.

The Footwear sector is one of the most important in Peru, since this industry represents 1.2% of GDP and generates 57 thousand jobs nationwide. In addition, micro, small and medium-sized companies are the ones that have grown the most in this area. Leather shoes are the products with the highest demand in this industry, therefore, manufacturing organizations are making constant changes to improve their quality and reduce their manufacturing costs. However, the problem faced by this sector is the low efficiency in its manufacturing process since it only reaches 38%, which affects a large number of companies. Thus, a model based on the PDCA methodology is proposed with the main objective of improving said problem under the SLP, Standardized Work and SMED methodology. Therefore, the present project will be based on optimizing the manufacturing processes and organizing the workplace, reducing the existing waste in the production system. By piloting the case study, an overall improvement could be obtained as a result. In terms of efficiency, it was possible to reach 38.4%, which exceeded the goal that had been set from the beginning. Finally, it is concluded that with the application of this proposed model, it is possible to reduce transfer times by 36.7% by applying the SLP tool, and with the standardized work tool it is possible to reduce cycle time by 30.3% by eliminating unnecessary activities