Bibliographic citations
Alanya, D., Ybarra, C. (2020). Factores que limitan el uso de carta de crédito en las pequeñas empresas exportadoras e importadoras de Lima Metropolitana, en el periodo 2019. [Tesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC)]. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653742
Alanya, D., Ybarra, C. Factores que limitan el uso de carta de crédito en las pequeñas empresas exportadoras e importadoras de Lima Metropolitana, en el periodo 2019. [Tesis]. PE: Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC); 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653742
@misc{renati/392940,
title = "Factores que limitan el uso de carta de crédito en las pequeñas empresas exportadoras e importadoras de Lima Metropolitana, en el periodo 2019.",
author = "Ybarra Mostacero, Claudia Milagros",
publisher = "Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC)",
year = "2020"
}
In order to understand the difficulties faced by small exporting and importing companies and achieving international expansion, the main objective of this study is to identify the factors that limit the use of the letter of credit in the business stratum of small companies. For this, four limiting factors related to the use of the letter of credit were identified and based on the pre-established theoretical framework of the, which are: High prices, lack of knowledge, limitations in access to the financial system, bureaucracy in the documentary process and informality in small companies, which was reconsidered in the research process, agreeing on the bureaucracy factor in the documentary process For this reason, an exploratory qualitative research was carried out, with a grounded theory design, in order to collect information based on the knowledge, experiences, experiences and opinions of 18 participants. With a sample of 12 small exporting and importing companies and 6 interviews with experts. Likewise, it is intended to achieve a change in their customs, current habits or decisions in the research topic. In the first instance, three important factors for the investigation were raised through the research plan. However, when starting the content validation, information gathering and according to the results of the AtlasTi program, a fundamental factor was identified that had not been considered at the beginning of the investigation, the factor high prices in the use of financial instruments of commerce exterior “Letter of credit“. For this reason, the existence of four factors was determined and as the main objective to know the factors that limit the use of letters of credit in small exporting and importing companies of Metropolitan Lima, 2019. In addition, the initial hypothesis statement which is facing the difficulties faced by small exporting and importing companies to limit the use of the letter of credit in their foreign trade operations are the lack of knowledge in foreign trade financial instruments, in addition to the existing barriers to access to the financing to the MIPYMES sector. Which have managed to understand the obstacles that companies in this sector face, finally, the conclusions and recommendations have been described according to the analysis of the results. For the first objective of the present investigation; Perception about the costs of the letter of credit that small exporting and importing companies of Metropolitan Lima have, this factor is very important when deciding to use this instrument in their international operations, they consider that the commissions in its issuance are high, as well as having little information and advice for letter of credit has led to little use of the letter of credit. However, this international payment method opens up a number of financial opportunities, allowing these benefits to reduce costs in other financing, as well as providing security and support in your international commercial transactions. On the other hand, the second objective of the study, degree of knowledge in the handling of letters of credit in small exporting and importing companies of Metropolitan Lima, confirms that there is a lack of knowledge in letters of credit, as well as the little diffusion that It is given by the officials of the banking entities in offering the letter of credit, although there are state institutions that provide information related to the letter of credit, it is not well known by the SME segment, as well as the ignorance that is has respect to the advantages and benefits of using the letter of credit. For the third objective of the study, on the difficulties faced by small exporting and importing companies of Metropolitan Lima, barriers that financial institutions present to small companies when requesting a letter of credit were identified, such as: excess of guarantees, few years of incorporation, banking experience, lack of financial documentation, administrative and financial knowledge, high percentage of informality, mean that the SME sector does not have access to a more formal and secure means of payment. For the fourth objective on the administrative processes that the small exporting company of Metropolitan Lima goes through to request the letter of credit, it is confirmed that there are excessive procedures when requesting financing with a letter of credit, according to the present investigation, there is controversy between the specialists and small companies, because these segments do not agree with the existence of bureaucracy in the documentary process, it is deduced in the present investigation the difficulties and inconveniences in the documentary process are in the majority by the SME segment. Continuous training for small businesses is recommended to achieve proper business management and have suitable information for financial institutions. In addition, financial institutions are recommended to make changes in business strategies for the SME sector, as well as training bank officials in international means of payment to achieve greater frequency in the use of this tool. Additionally, State agencies are recommended to disseminate, promote and encourage the programs they maintain with the State to support the growth of small exporting companies. Likewise, academic institutions and training centers are recommended to carry out courses and training based on the practices and experiences of Peruvian SMEs, referring to the barriers they face every day.
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